Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements is true about the Akkadian Victory Stele of Naram-Sin? (Select all that apply)
The Human-Headed Winged Lion with the body of a lion, wings of a bird, and head of a human probably functioned as a(n)
Which term best describes the religion developed by Zoroaster, and adopted as part of Persian culture?
What classic struggle do Gilgamesh and Enkidu represent?
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Visitors to the ziggurat often left statues representing themselves to
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What is the term for endowing the gods and the forces of nature that they represent with humanlike traits, a characteristic of Mesopotamian religion?
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True or false: The process of brewing beer was developed by the Sumerians around 8000 years ago.
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The gods granted Utnapishtim immortality because he
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True or false: A ziggurat is a mountain-like platform upon which Sumerians placed their temples.
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The Law Code of Hammurabi was created by the king of which civilization?
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Study Notes
Akkadian Victory Stele of Naram-Sin
- The artwork prominently features King Naram-Sin, who is depicted as the largest figure, symbolizing his importance.
- It serves as a historical representation rather than a gravestone or religious myth.
Human-Headed Winged Lion
- This creature combines the features of a lion, a bird, and a human head.
- Functioned primarily as a guardian figure, serving to protect spaces like temples.
Zoroastrianism
- Zoroaster developed a dualistic religion that became integral to Persian culture.
- Emphasizes a cosmic struggle between good and evil.
Epic of Gilgamesh Themes
- The characters Gilgamesh and Enkidu illustrate the conflict between nature and civilization.
- They represent broader themes of humanity's challenges.
Ziggurat and Statues
- Visitors to ziggurats often left statues of themselves as offerings to the gods.
- These statues served as prayer offerings, reinforcing the connection between individuals and deities.
Anthropomorphism in Mesopotamian Religion
- Mesopotamian religion often anthropomorphized gods, attributing human traits to deities and nature.
- This concept reflects the cultural view of the divine as relatable and human-like.
Brewing of Beer
- The Sumerians pioneered the brewing of beer approximately 8000 years ago, showcasing their advanced cultural practices.
Utnapishtim and Immortality
- Utnapishtim was granted immortality by the gods for surviving the Great Flood, paralleling themes in various flood myths.
Ziggurat Structure
- Ziggurats served as mountain-like platforms for temples, reflecting architectural advancements in Sumerian civilization.
Law Code of Hammurabi
- The creation of the Law Code of Hammurabi is attributed to the Babylonian civilization, establishing one of the earliest known legal codes.
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Description
Explore significant artworks and themes from Ancient Near Eastern cultures, including the Akkadian Victory Stele of Naram-Sin and the fantastical Human-Headed Winged Lion. Learn about religious practices in Zoroastrianism and the epic narratives found in the Epic of Gilgamesh. Discover how architectural structures like ziggurats played a role in cultural and spiritual expression.
