Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was the lasting impact of the Maccabean revolt that began in 167 BCE?
What was the lasting impact of the Maccabean revolt that began in 167 BCE?
- It prompted Antiochus IV Epiphanes to convert to Judaism.
- It resulted in the rededication of the Second Temple and a period of Judaean independence. (correct)
- It led to the permanent expulsion of the Romans from Jerusalem.
- It caused the immediate construction of the al-Aqsa mosque.
How did the Roman Empire's religious policy shift in the early 4th century CE?
How did the Roman Empire's religious policy shift in the early 4th century CE?
- Christianity was initially persecuted under Diocletian, then granted tolerance under the Edict of Milan. (correct)
- Christianity was eradicated, and Roman worship restored.
- The Roman Empire adopted a policy of strict religious pluralism, with no preferential treatment.
- Judaism became the official religion of the Roman Empire.
What was the significance of the Council of Nicaea in 325 CE?
What was the significance of the Council of Nicaea in 325 CE?
- It formalized the split between Sunni and Shia Islam.
- It marked the beginning of the Muslim conquest of Jerusalem.
- It was the first ecumenical council of the Christian Church, aiming to establish doctrinal unity. (correct)
- It established the procedures for building new synagogues throughout the Roman empire.
What major development in Jewish scholarship occurred around 200 CE?
What major development in Jewish scholarship occurred around 200 CE?
What was the primary consequence of the Bar-Kokhba revolt of 132-136 CE?
What was the primary consequence of the Bar-Kokhba revolt of 132-136 CE?
What was the impact of the Battle of Tours in 732 CE?
What was the impact of the Battle of Tours in 732 CE?
How did the completion of the Reconquista in Spain impact religious minorities in 1492?
How did the completion of the Reconquista in Spain impact religious minorities in 1492?
What was the primary goal of Diocletian's persecution of Christians in 303 CE?
What was the primary goal of Diocletian's persecution of Christians in 303 CE?
What theological development is associated with the Council of Chalcedon in 451 CE?
What theological development is associated with the Council of Chalcedon in 451 CE?
What key event is recognized as the start of the Islamic calendar?
What key event is recognized as the start of the Islamic calendar?
What contribution is Caliph al-Mamun credited with during the Abbasid Caliphate?
What contribution is Caliph al-Mamun credited with during the Abbasid Caliphate?
What significant event precipitated the Sunni-Shia split in Islam?
What significant event precipitated the Sunni-Shia split in Islam?
What role did Pompey the Great play in the history of Jerusalem?
What role did Pompey the Great play in the history of Jerusalem?
How did the invention of the printing press in 1450 influence religious movements in Europe?
How did the invention of the printing press in 1450 influence religious movements in Europe?
What was Luther's initial action that sparked the Protestant Reformation?
What was Luther's initial action that sparked the Protestant Reformation?
What was the significance of the Council of Trent (1545-1563)?
What was the significance of the Council of Trent (1545-1563)?
What was the effect of Alexander the Great's conquests on the ancient Near East?
What was the effect of Alexander the Great's conquests on the ancient Near East?
Which empire sacked Baghdad in 1258 CE?
Which empire sacked Baghdad in 1258 CE?
Which event led to Jewish emancipation in Europe?
Which event led to Jewish emancipation in Europe?
Flashcards
515 BCE
515 BCE
The second Temple was completed in Jerusalem.
332 BCE
332 BCE
Alexander the Great invaded and conquered the ancient Near East.
167 BCE
167 BCE
Antiochus IV Epiphanes outlaws Judaism in Judaea, beginning the Maccabean/Hasmonean revolt.
165 BCE
165 BCE
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63 BCE
63 BCE
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~4/3 BCE
~4/3 BCE
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~30-33 CE
~30-33 CE
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50 CE
50 CE
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70 CE
70 CE
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ca. 200 CE
ca. 200 CE
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313 CE
313 CE
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324 CE
324 CE
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381 CE
381 CE
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570 CE
570 CE
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622 CE
622 CE
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638 CE
638 CE
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644 CE
644 CE
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1054 CE
1054 CE
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1099 CE
1099 CE
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1517 CE
1517 CE
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Study Notes
BCE
- 515: The Second Temple was completed
- 332: Alexander the Great invaded and conquered the ancient Near East
- 167: Antiochus IV Epiphanes outlawed Judaism in Judaea, beginning the Maccabean/Hasmonean revolt
- 165: The Maccabees/Hasmoneans reoccupied Jerusalem, cleansing the Temple (Hanukkah) and securing Judaea's independence
- 63: Pompey the Great took control of Jerusalem, incorporating Judaea into the Roman Empire
- ~4/3: Jesus was born
CE
3033: Jesus was crucified- 50: The Council of Jerusalem took place
- 70: The Second Temple was destroyed by the Romans during the Great Jewish Revolt against Rome (66–73 CE)
- 132–36: The Bar-Kokhba revolt occurred, and Judaea was renamed Palestine
- ca. 200: Judah the Prince codified the Mishnah
- Late 3rd cent: Jews ceased to be the majority in Judaea/Palestine
- 303: Diocletian began persecuting Christians, aiming to restore classic Roman worship to the empire
- 313: The Edict of Milan ended Diocletian’s persecution
- 324: Constantine became emperor of both the Western and Eastern Roman empires
- 325: The Council of Nicaea took place
- 381: The First Council of Constantinople was held
- 431: The Council of Ephesus took place
- 451: The Council of Chalcedon occurred, considered by Protestants to be the last ecumenical council
- ca. 500: The Gemara was completed and combined with the Mishnah to form the Talmud
- 570: Muhammad was born
- 610: In Ramadan, the angel Gabriel appeared to Muhammad
- 622: The Hijra, or migration of Muslims from Mecca to Medina, marked the beginning of a new epoch in the Islamic calendar
- 632: Muhammad undertook the Great Hajj and died
- 632–661: The "Rightly Guided Caliphate" existed
- 638: Muslims occupied Jerusalem and began building the al-Aqsa mosque
- 644: The Quran was collected and standardized by Uthman, the 3rd Caliph
- 661: Ali, the 4th Caliph, was assassinated
- 661–750: The Umayyad Caliphate existed
- 680: Husayn, son of Ali, was martyred at Karbala, finalizing the Sunni-Shia split
- 711: Muslims conquered Iberia/al-Andalus
- 732: The Battle of Tours (France) stopped Islamic expansion into Europe
- 750-1258: The Abbasid Caliphate existed
- 830: Caliph al-Mamun established the “House of Wisdom”
- 11th century: Islam began to be the majority religion in Muslim-controlled regions
- 1054: The Great Schism occurred between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Churches
- 1099: Crusaders captured Jerusalem
- 1187: Saladin defeated the Crusader army at the Battle of Hattin
- 1258: Mongols sacked Baghdad and executed the Abbasid Caliph
- 1450: The European invention of the printing press occurred
- 1453: Ottomans conquered Constantinople
- 1492: The Reconquista of Spain was completed with the fall of Granada, and the Spanish Inquisition began
- 1517: Martin Luther proclaimed his 95 theses
- 1521: Martin Luther was excommunicated, beginning the Protestant Reformation
- 1545–1563: The Council of Trent codified the Catholic Reformation
- 1789: The French Revolution began, leading to Jewish emancipation in Europe
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