Ancient Greek Wars Quiz

Pylos

Brasidas

Peace

<p>Argives</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperobolus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sicilian</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Herms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>war</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>storm</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>democratic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>populism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>hoplites</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>money</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cnidus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pirate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Corinthian</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Platea</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Byzantium</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Delian</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>corruption</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aristides</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Piraeus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thrace</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Naxos</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Egyptian</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parthenon</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aristotle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Issus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bucephalus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>divine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patroclus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pericles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Athens</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>triremes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ecclesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Boule</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dikasterion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>aretae</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>democracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>decks</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thirty Years Peace</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sparta</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cimon</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>navy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wasps</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sparta</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>will</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Miletus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>defecting</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cyzicus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arginusae</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>403</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>tyrants</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Persia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cyrus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>realist</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Samos</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>surrender</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>hoplite</p> Signup and view all the answers

A military alliance formed in 478 BC, consisting of hundreds of Greek city-states, with Athens as the leading power. Its primary goal was to protect Greece from future Persian invasions.

The period after the Persian Wars when Athens controlled the Delian League and used its power, often in a forceful manner, to expand its influence and wealth.

A brilliant Athenian statesman and general who played a key role in the Greek victory at Salamis. He was later ostracized due to his ambition and political maneuvering.

An Athenian statesman and general known for his honesty and fairness. He led the Delian League after Themistocles was ostracized.

A Spartan general, initially successful in battles against the Persians. He later attempted to establish a personal empire, leading to his downfall and death.

A decisive naval battle fought in 479 BC, where the Greek fleet defeated the Persian navy. This victory secured Greek control of the Aegean Sea.

A process in ancient Athens where citizens could vote to banish a political opponent for ten years to prevent them from gaining too much power.

A magnificent temple dedicated to Athena, built on the Acropolis in Athens during the Golden Age (447-438 BC). It was funded by the Delian League treasury, which led to resentment from other Greek cities.

A list created by Athens to collect tributes from the members of Delian League. This list highlighted the significant financial power of Athens.

A curse that supposedly befell Pausanias for his betrayal of the Delian League. He was locked in a brick building and left to starve.

A small island off the coast of Pylos, crucial for Sparta's control of the region.

A skilled Athenian politician who replaced Nicias as general during the Peloponnesian War. Known for his assertive leadership style and victory against the Spartan garrison at Sphacteria.

A Spartan general who led an expedition to Thrace, seizing Amphipolis from Athenian control, a major setback for Athens in the war.

An Athenian attempt to gain control of Boeotia, but they were ultimately unsuccessful.

A crucial battle where Athenian general Cleon and Spartan general Brasidas both died. Athens lost the important city of Amphipolis.

A treaty signed in 421 BC, intended to bring a 50-year peace between Athens and Sparta. However, tensions remained, and it only lasted for 8 years.

A battle fought in 418 BC, where Sparta defeated a coalition of Argos, Elis, and Mantinea. This victory boosted Sparta's power and influence.

Spartan military governors appointed to rule conquered cities after the Peloponnesian War.

Groups of ten Spartan oligarchs appointed to rule conquered cities after the Peloponnesian War.

The discovery of Athenian money hidden by the Spartan general Gylippisus, leading to his exile.

A law enacted by Lysander forbidding individual Spartans from owning personal wealth, while allowing the Spartan state to amass wealth.

The journey of 10,000 Greek mercenaries marching back from Persia after the failed expedition of Cyrus the Younger.

Spartan king who succeeded Agis, known for his military prowess and expansionist policies.

The Spartan policy of limiting the number of citizens and encouraging a small ruling elite.

A naval battle in 394 BC where the Athenian fleet, supported by the Persian King, defeated the Spartan fleet, marking a significant Athenian resurgence.

Alexander the Great's first major victory against the Persian Empire, marking the beginning of his conquest of the Persian Empire. In 334 BC, Alexander crossed the Granicus River in Anatolia, leading his Macedonian army against the Persian Satraps. The battle resulted in a decisive Macedonian victory, solidifying Alexander's control over the region.

A decisive battle in 333 BC where Alexander the Great defeated the Persian King Darius III, opening the way for Alexander to conquer Egypt and continue his eastward march. The battle occurred in the Cilician Gates, forcing Darius to flee, further weakening the Persian empire.

A final clash between Alexander and Darius, leading to the fall of an empire.

A prestigious oracle in Egypt that declared Alexander the Great a divine being. This proclamation strengthened Alexander's legitimacy and contributed to his image as a god-king.

Alexander the Great's beloved friend and confidant. He was considered the closest person to Alexander and often referred to as a 'petrolocus,' whereas Alexander was his Achilles. Their relationship was deeply personal and influential for Alexander's decisions.

Alcibiades was accused of sacrilege and sent to Sicily for trial, despite his supporters being in Athens. When he was called back, he fled to Sparta.

The Melian Dialogue highlights the harsh realities of power politics. The Melians, hoping for justice and mercy, refused to surrender to Athens, leading to their destruction. It demonstrates the importance of realism and power balance in international relations.

Built by the Spartans near Athens, it served as a base for raids, allowing them to weaken Athenian troops.

An alliance between Sparta and Persia, where Persia agreed to support Sparta with financial and naval resources in exchange for regaining control over Asia Minor.

This phase of the Peloponnesian War involved Sparta using Persian support to maintain a strong naval presence in Ionia, while Athens struggled to counter their efforts. The fighting centered around the island of Samos

The Athenian democracy faced a crisis due to the war's pressures. An Athenian oligarchy emerged, supported by Alcibiades, who had shifted alliances and saw an opportunity in the chaotic situation.

A narrow oligarchic regime that briefly took control of Athens, replacing democracy with an elite ruling group. Their rule was short-lived due to internal instability and opposition from the Athenian populace

Lysander, a Spartan admiral, achieved a series of naval victories, including the crucial Battle of Aegospotami, marking the end of Athenian sea power and the final stages of Athenian defeat.

An Athenian naval victory, but overshadowed by tragedy. The Athenian generals, despite a decisive victory, were condemned for not retrieving the bodies of fallen sailors during a storm. This exemplifies the fickle nature of Athenian democracy and its tendency to scapegoat.

Athens, weakened by the war, ultimately surrendered to Sparta, accepting harsh terms.

A group of Spartan-backed oligarchs who ruled Athens in the aftermath of the war, enacting a reign of terror and oppression. They sought to establish a Spartan-style regime.

Thrasybulus, a leading Athenian democrat, led a resistance against the Thirty Tyrants. His forces successfully seized the fort at Phyle, eventually leading to the overthrow of the Thirty Tyrants and the restoration of democracy in Athens.

Athens suffered under the rule of the Thirty Tyrants, a period marked by oppression and executions. Their policies, aimed at transforming Athens into a Spartan-style state, led to widespread terror and the suppression of democratic ideals.

Thucydides believed that the growing power of Athens inevitably led to war with Sparta. He emphasizes the importance of money and naval strength in achieving power.

Thucydides presents a chronological, non-romantic account that focuses on finding commonalities in multiple stories. He also incorporates archaeology, historical anthropology, and historical geography to understand the past.

Ancient Greek warships with three levels of oars, capable of high speed and maneuverability. They swamped their enemies rather than sinking them.

The three levels of oars on triremes indicate a significant amount of manpower (rowers and sailors), while also suggesting a more complex and sophisticated design.

Triremes were designed with a ram at the bow for ramming enemy ships. The decks were eventually covered after the Persian Wars to protect rowers from arrows, but this reduced speed.

A direct democracy with three main institutions: the Boule (council), Ecclesia (assembly), and Dikasterion (popular court). Athenians highly prioritized democratic ideals, including allotment for office selection and payment for public service.

The Boule was a council of 500 people divided into subdivisions. It prepared laws for consideration by the Assembly and oversaw legal inspections (Dokimasia) before public service.

The Ecclesia was the Athenian assembly, where citizens met to discuss and vote on matters of state. It was the most influential institution in the Athenian democracy.

The Dikasterion was the Athenian court system, where citizens served as jurors in both criminal and civil disputes. It was a powerful institution reflecting the emphasis on direct democracy.

The liturgical system called on wealthy Athenians to fund expensive public services, such as choruses and triremes. It aimed to engage the wealthy in civic duty and increase the time they spent contributing to society.

Antidosis allowed an Athenian citizen to pass on a liturgy to someone richer than themselves, ensuring that the wealthiest individual ultimately undertook the responsibility. It reflects the competitive nature of Athenian society.

Sophrosyne is a concept of moderation and self-control valued in Athenian society. It often involves restraint in emotions and a focus on practicality.

Thucydides and Pericles had a tense political relationship. Thucydides criticizes Pericles for his use of public funds, while Pericles emphasizes the necessity of maintaining Athenian power through such spending.

Kaki k'agathoi refers to the 'noble and the good,' primarily representing the aristocratic class in Athenian society. Pericles' reforms sought to challenge this traditional power structure.

Aristophanes' play 'Wasps' uses satire to criticize the excesses of Athenian democracy, specifically focusing on the power of the popular courts and the obsession with trials.