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Questions and Answers
The Egyptians had extensive knowledge of conditions like bone tumors and tuberculosis based on archeological evidence.
The Egyptians had extensive knowledge of conditions like bone tumors and tuberculosis based on archeological evidence.
False (B)
Which of the following factors significantly influenced the development of anatomy and pathology in Ancient Greece?
Which of the following factors significantly influenced the development of anatomy and pathology in Ancient Greece?
- The invention of the microscope.
- The discovery of mummies.
- The influence of Hippocrates and his school. (correct)
- The rise of the Roman Empire.
The ______ theory of disease, proposed by Hippocrates, dominated medical thinking for centuries.
The ______ theory of disease, proposed by Hippocrates, dominated medical thinking for centuries.
humoral
What types of disease evidence were originally observed through gross features?
What types of disease evidence were originally observed through gross features?
Match the following historical figures with their primary contributions to medicine.
Match the following historical figures with their primary contributions to medicine.
Where was the prominent medical figure mentioned born?
Where was the prominent medical figure mentioned born?
Galen is credited with the introduction of bloodletting.
Galen is credited with the introduction of bloodletting.
What is the significance of vivisection in Galen's studies?
What is the significance of vivisection in Galen's studies?
Galen's writings directed medicine for over a thousand years into the _____ Ages.
Galen's writings directed medicine for over a thousand years into the _____ Ages.
Which of the following is NOT attributed to Galen?
Which of the following is NOT attributed to Galen?
Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:
Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:
Galen's works include fewer than 200 surviving texts.
Galen's works include fewer than 200 surviving texts.
What did Galen describe as an additional sign of inflammation?
What did Galen describe as an additional sign of inflammation?
Who is recognized for making substantial contributions to the publication of autopsy cases?
Who is recognized for making substantial contributions to the publication of autopsy cases?
Vesalius was a strong supporter of Galen's theories.
Vesalius was a strong supporter of Galen's theories.
What was the title of Giovanni Batista Morgagni's significant book?
What was the title of Giovanni Batista Morgagni's significant book?
The first to attempt formally to codify new medical knowledge was __________.
The first to attempt formally to codify new medical knowledge was __________.
Match the following anatomists with their contributions:
Match the following anatomists with their contributions:
Which of the following diseases did Giovanni Batista Morgagni suggest might have a syphilitic origin?
Which of the following diseases did Giovanni Batista Morgagni suggest might have a syphilitic origin?
Dissections were first practiced in Bologna in the early fourteenth century as part of the medical curriculum.
Dissections were first practiced in Bologna in the early fourteenth century as part of the medical curriculum.
What did Jean Fernel classify diseases into?
What did Jean Fernel classify diseases into?
What significant change did William Harvey's work bring to medicine?
What significant change did William Harvey's work bring to medicine?
The teachings of Galen remained unchallenged until the 19th century.
The teachings of Galen remained unchallenged until the 19th century.
Who is credited with the beginnings of modern medicine and pathology?
Who is credited with the beginnings of modern medicine and pathology?
Morgagni published his notable work at the age of ______.
Morgagni published his notable work at the age of ______.
What type of illustrations became common in the seventeenth century?
What type of illustrations became common in the seventeenth century?
What pathology-related observations did John Hunter make?
What pathology-related observations did John Hunter make?
Morgagni's autopsy reports claimed diseases are primarily physiologically based.
Morgagni's autopsy reports claimed diseases are primarily physiologically based.
Who introduced paraffin embedding in 1869?
Who introduced paraffin embedding in 1869?
Formal-dehyde solution was first advocated in 1893 by Isaac Blum.
Formal-dehyde solution was first advocated in 1893 by Isaac Blum.
What staining method was published by Franz Böhmer in 1865?
What staining method was published by Franz Böhmer in 1865?
The practice of ___________ focuses on the study of tissues and cells.
The practice of ___________ focuses on the study of tissues and cells.
Which of the following substances was used for tissue hardening and dehydration?
Which of the following substances was used for tissue hardening and dehydration?
The microscope changed the understanding of disease from a cellular to an organ level.
The microscope changed the understanding of disease from a cellular to an organ level.
Name one of the researchers who contributed to the understanding of kidney diseases.
Name one of the researchers who contributed to the understanding of kidney diseases.
Match the following individuals with their contributions:
Match the following individuals with their contributions:
According to the passage, what was Hodgkin's view on the potential of Lister's compound microscope?
According to the passage, what was Hodgkin's view on the potential of Lister's compound microscope?
Richard Bright's contributions to pathology focused on the relationship between kidney disease and swelling.
Richard Bright's contributions to pathology focused on the relationship between kidney disease and swelling.
What was the primary catalyst for the advancement of pathology in the mid-19th century?
What was the primary catalyst for the advancement of pathology in the mid-19th century?
The use of the microscope increased dramatically due to factors like improved optics, increased ______ and reduced cost.
The use of the microscope increased dramatically due to factors like improved optics, increased ______ and reduced cost.
Match each individual with their major contribution to pathology.
Match each individual with their major contribution to pathology.
The passage suggests that the microscope was the only force propelling medical advancements in the mid-19th century.
The passage suggests that the microscope was the only force propelling medical advancements in the mid-19th century.
Which of the following statements about the impact of advancements in microscopy are TRUE?
Which of the following statements about the impact of advancements in microscopy are TRUE?
What is the main idea of the passage?
What is the main idea of the passage?
Flashcards
Gross features of disease
Gross features of disease
Visible signs of disease in life or post-mortem.
Paleopathology
Paleopathology
Study of ancient diseases through archaeological findings.
Archaeological discoveries
Archaeological discoveries
Findings from the past that inform us about health.
Hippocrates' humoural theory
Hippocrates' humoural theory
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Significance of Egyptian findings
Significance of Egyptian findings
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Alexandrian Greeks
Alexandrian Greeks
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Impact of Hippocrates
Impact of Hippocrates
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Statues in museums
Statues in museums
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Morgagni's Contribution
Morgagni's Contribution
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William Harvey
William Harvey
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Humoral theory
Humoral theory
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Pathologic heart observations
Pathologic heart observations
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John Hunter
John Hunter
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Specilegia
Specilegia
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Seventeenth-century illustrations
Seventeenth-century illustrations
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Anatomical substrate of disease
Anatomical substrate of disease
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Vesalius
Vesalius
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Jean Fernel
Jean Fernel
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Herman Boerhaave
Herman Boerhaave
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Giovanni Batista Morgagni
Giovanni Batista Morgagni
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Acute appendicitis
Acute appendicitis
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Pathologiae Libri
Pathologiae Libri
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Felix Plater
Felix Plater
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Volcher Coiter
Volcher Coiter
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Galen
Galen
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Hippocratic theory
Hippocratic theory
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Vivisection
Vivisection
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Bloodletting
Bloodletting
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Inflammation signs
Inflammation signs
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Hermophilos and Erasistratos
Hermophilos and Erasistratos
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Writings of Galen
Writings of Galen
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Alexandria medical school
Alexandria medical school
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Hodgkin's Lectures
Hodgkin's Lectures
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Lister's microscope
Lister's microscope
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Richard Bright
Richard Bright
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Thomas Addison
Thomas Addison
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Mid-nineteenth century pathology
Mid-nineteenth century pathology
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Microscope's role
Microscope's role
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Schwann's contribution
Schwann's contribution
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Technological impact on medicine
Technological impact on medicine
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Histopathology
Histopathology
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Paraffin embedding
Paraffin embedding
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Formaldehyde as a fixative
Formaldehyde as a fixative
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Chromic acid
Chromic acid
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Alum haematoxylin
Alum haematoxylin
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Tissue fixation importance
Tissue fixation importance
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Advancements in microscopy
Advancements in microscopy
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Collagen disease concept
Collagen disease concept
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Study Notes
Milestones in the Evolution of Pathology
- Pathology's roots are intertwined with other medical specialities, arising in antiquity with a focus on observable features of disease, both in life and after death.
- Archaeological discoveries, such as mummies, offer palaeopathological insights into disease in past populations.
Early Egyptian Medicine
- Important texts like the Edwin Smith Papyrus (17th century BC) and Papyrus Ebers (circa 1550 BC) contain information on various diseases.
- Evidence of bone tumors, tuberculosis, atherosclerosis, and gallstones was found on mummies from Ancient Egypt, although systematic knowledge of these wasn't developed.
Greek and Roman Contributions
- Hippocratic school greatly influenced medical thought with their humor theory of disease, chronicling wound inflammation, tumors, and other illnesses.
- Greek physicians Herophilos and Erasistratos advanced anatomical knowledge.
- Roman physician Celsus defined inflammation, a cornerstone of pathology.
- Galen, a prominent figure in the 2nd century AD, made extensive observations and writings.
Medieval and Renaissance
- Byzantine and Arab physicians kept some Greek traditions alive, but little advancement in pathology occurred during the period between Galen and the Renaissance.
- Antonio Benivieni marked a step towards pathology, meticulously documenting cases alongside anatomical findings.
The 16th and 17th Centuries
- Advancement in understanding of diseases through increasingly common autopsy practice.
- William Harvey's work revolutionised medicine and concepts of disease causation, and challenged the humor theory.
- The work of physicians such as Morgagni and the Hunters furthered the development of anatomical pathology, correlating symptoms with observable pathology.
18th and 19th Centuries
- The invention and improved use of the microscope became increasingly significant, shifting focus to microscopic pathology.
- Pathologists like Virchow made groundbreaking contributions to cellular pathology, revolutionizing the understanding of disease processes.
- The works of Müller and others laid the foundation for cellular pathology, and microscopic observations became increasingly important
Modern Pathology
- New technologies like immunohistochemistry, molecular biology, and microscopy continue to propel advancements in pathology.
- Diseases are increasingly understood from a molecular and genetic perspective.
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