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Questions and Answers
Who is known as the 'father of experimental science'?
Who is known as the 'father of experimental science'?
Which scientist is credited with the formulation of the laws of motion?
Which scientist is credited with the formulation of the laws of motion?
Who developed the atomic theory?
Who developed the atomic theory?
Which scientist proposed the heliocentric theory?
Which scientist proposed the heliocentric theory?
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Which scientist is associated with the discovery of polonium and uranium?
Which scientist is associated with the discovery of polonium and uranium?
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Who co-discovered the double helix structure of DNA?
Who co-discovered the double helix structure of DNA?
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Who is known for proposing the theory of evolution?
Who is known for proposing the theory of evolution?
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Which figure is recognized as the first female university professor studying electricity?
Which figure is recognized as the first female university professor studying electricity?
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Which scientist introduced analytical geometry?
Which scientist introduced analytical geometry?
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Who made significant contributions to the study of comets?
Who made significant contributions to the study of comets?
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Which scientist is credited with establishing the vaccination principles?
Which scientist is credited with establishing the vaccination principles?
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Which scientist contributed to our understanding of marine biodiversity?
Which scientist contributed to our understanding of marine biodiversity?
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Who formulated the laws of planetary motion?
Who formulated the laws of planetary motion?
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Which individual is notable for developing calculus independently?
Which individual is notable for developing calculus independently?
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Which scientist is known for the discovery of the rotating magnetic field concept?
Which scientist is known for the discovery of the rotating magnetic field concept?
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Who contributed to the understanding of molecular structures of DNA?
Who contributed to the understanding of molecular structures of DNA?
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Which scientist is recognized for proposing the four elements theory?
Which scientist is recognized for proposing the four elements theory?
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Which scientist is credited with revolutionizing physics through theories of relativity?
Which scientist is credited with revolutionizing physics through theories of relativity?
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Study Notes
Ancient Greek Philosophers
- Empedocles proposed the four elements theory, which stated that everything in the universe is made up of earth, water, air, and fire.
- Democritus developed the atomic theory, suggesting that matter is composed of indivisible particles called atoms.
- Aristotle, a renowned philosopher, made significant contributions to various fields including biology and physics. He developed a system of classifying living things, established key principles of logic, and contributed to the understanding of motion and gravity.
Renaissance and Early Modern Science
- Nicolaus Copernicus, a Polish astronomer, revolutionized the scientific understanding of the universe by proposing the heliocentric model, which placed the Sun at the center of the solar system.
- Johannes Kepler, a German astronomer, established the laws of planetary motion, describing the elliptical orbits of planets around the Sun.
- Galileo Galilei, an Italian scientist, is known as the "father of experimental science" for his groundbreaking observations using telescopes and his experiments on motion. He supported the heliocentric model and made significant contributions to the development of the scientific method.
- Francis Bacon, an English philosopher, is credited with developing the scientific method as a systematic approach to acquiring knowledge. He emphasized observation, experimentation, and inductive reasoning.
- René Descartes, a French mathematician and philosopher, is known as the "father of modern philosophy" for his revolutionary ideas about the relationship between mind and body, and for introducing analytical geometry.
Enlightenment Era
- Isaac Newton, an English physicist and mathematician, formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation, which fundamentally changed the understanding of the universe.
- Tycho Brahe, a Danish astronomer, provided accurate astronomical observations that were crucial for Kepler's development of his laws of planetary motion.
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, a German mathematician and philosopher, independently developed calculus, a branch of mathematics that deals with change.
Modern Science
- Marie Curie, a Polish scientist, conducted groundbreaking research in radioactivity. She discovered the elements polonium and radium and coined the term "radioactivity".
- Albert Einstein, a German-born theoretical physicist, revolutionized physics with his theories of special and general relativity.
- Jonas Salk, an American virologist, invented the polio vaccine, significantly reducing the incidence of this debilitating disease.
- James Watson and Francis Crick, co-discovered the double helix structure of DNA, a fundamental building block of life.
- Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins both made crucial contributions to understanding the molecular structures of DNA using X-ray diffraction techniques.
- Alan Turing, a British mathematician and computer scientist, is considered a pioneer of modern computing and artificial intelligence. He made significant contributions to breaking German codes during World War II.
- Tu Youyou, a Chinese pharmacologist and chemist, discovered artemisinin, a drug that is highly effective against malaria, a disease that affects millions worldwide.
Other Notable Scientists
- Charles Darwin's theory of evolution through natural selection transformed the understanding of the diversity of life on Earth.
- Louis Pasteur, a French chemist and microbiologist, discovered the principles of vaccination and developed the process of pasteurization to kill harmful bacteria in food and beverages.
- Dmitri Mendeleev, a Russian chemist, created the Periodic Table of Elements, a system that organizes the chemical elements based on their properties.
- Nikola Tesla, a Serbian-American inventor, electrical engineer, and physicist. He introduced the rotating magnetic field concept, which is fundamental to alternating current (AC) electricity.
- Alfred Nobel, a Swedish chemist, inventor, and entrepreneur, invented dynamite and established the Nobel Prize, a prestigious award given to those who have made significant contributions in various fields.
- Gabriel Fahrenheit, a German physicist, invented the mercury thermometer, which became a standard instrument for measuring temperature.
- Edmond Halley, an English astronomer, studied comets and predicted the return of what is now known as Halley's Comet.
- Caroline Herschel, a German astronomer, discovered several comets and nebulae, making important contributions to astronomy.
- Laura Bassi, an Italian physicist, was the first female university professor, specializing in physics and electricity.
Filipino Scientists and Figures
- Angel Alcala, a Filipino marine biologist, is known for his extensive research on Philippine marine biodiversity and conservation efforts.
- Jose Rizal, a national hero of the Philippines, was a skilled ophthalmologist and wrote novels that critiqued Spanish colonialism.
Ancient Philosophers and Scientists
- Empedocles (c. 492-432 BC) proposed the four element theory: earth, water, air, and fire.
- Democritus (c. 460-370 BC) developed the atomic theory, suggesting that matter is composed of indivisible particles.
- Aristotle (384-322 BC) made significant contributions to various fields including biology and physics.
Renaissance and Scientific Revolution
- Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) proposed the heliocentric theory, suggesting that the Earth revolves around the Sun.
- Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) established laws of planetary motion that described the elliptical orbits of planets.
- Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), known as the "father of experimental science," made advancements in astronomy and physics.
- Francis Bacon (1561-1626) formulated the scientific method, emphasizing observation and experimentation.
- René Descartes (1596-1650) is considered the father of modern philosophy and introduced analytical geometry.
- Tycho Brahe (1546-1601) provided accurate astronomical observations that were instrumental in Kepler's work.
Classical and Modern Physics
- Isaac Newton (1643-1727) formulated laws of motion and universal gravitation, revolutionizing physics.
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716) independently developed calculus.
- Albert Einstein (1879-1955) redefined physics with his theories of relativity.
Chemistry and Biology
- Marie Curie (1867-1934) discovered polonium and uranium and coined the term "radioactivity".
- Charles Darwin (1809-1882) proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection.
- Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) discovered the principles of vaccination and pasteurization.
- Dmitri Mendeleev (1834-1907) created the Periodic Table of Elements.
- James Watson and Francis Crick co-discovered the double helix structure of DNA.
- Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins contributed significantly to the understanding of DNA's molecular structure.
- Jonas Salk (1914-1995) invented the polio vaccine.
Technology and Innovation
- Nikola Tesla (1856-1943) introduced the concept of the rotating magnetic field, revolutionizing electricity.
- Alan Turing (1912-1954) was a pioneer of modern computing and artificial intelligence.
- Tu Youyou (1930-present) discovered a treatment for malaria.
- Alfred Nobel (1833-1896) invented dynamite and established the Nobel Prize.
- Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) invented the mercury thermometer.
- Edmond Halley (1656-1742) studied comets.
Notable Individuals of the Past
- Caroline Herschel (1750-1848) discovered periodic comets.
- Laura Bassi (1711-1778) was the first female university professor and studied electricity.
Notable Individuals of the Modern Era
- Angel Alcala is a marine biologist known for research on Philippine marine biodiversity.
- Jose Rizal (1861-1896) was a national hero and ophthalmologist.
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Description
This quiz explores key contributions of ancient Greek philosophers like Empedocles, Democritus, and Aristotle, as well as groundbreaking figures of the Renaissance like Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo. Test your knowledge on their theories and the impact they had on modern science.
