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Anatomy: Vertebral Column, Ribs, and Thoracic Cage
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Anatomy: Vertebral Column, Ribs, and Thoracic Cage

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Questions and Answers

What type of tissue is bone?

  • Connective tissue (correct)
  • Epithelial tissue
  • Muscle tissue
  • Nervous tissue

    • What are osteocytes?

  • Cells that release acid to dissolve collagen
  • Mature bone cells (correct)
  • Cells that deposit collagen matrix
  • Immature bone cells

    • What is the name of the compound that forms the bone matrix?

  • Chondroitin sulfate
  • Hydroxyapatite [Ca5(PO4)3(OH)] (correct)
  • Keratin
  • Elastin

    • What are osteons in bone structure?

    <p>Concentric layers of mineralized matrix deposited around a central canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do osteoclasts do in the bone?

    <p>Release acid to dissolve collagen and mineral coating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of spongy bone?

    <p>Provide support and structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the thoracic cage?

    <p>To protect the heart and lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are ribs 1-7 classified?

    <p>True ribs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the discs that cushion the vertebral column?

    <p>Fibrocartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are ribs 8-12 different from ribs 1-7 in terms of attachment to the sternum?

    <p>They attach indirectly to the sternum through another rib's cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the spine's 'S'-shaped curvature?

    <p>To distribute body weight evenly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the human skeleton?

    <p>To support the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do some bones in the human skeleton fuse together as the body develops?

    <p>To reduce the total number of bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the human skeleton protects the brain from nontraumatic injury?

    <p>Skull (cranium)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of trabecular bone in the human skeletal system?

    <p>To create lightweight bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the human skeleton contribute to movement?

    <p>By allowing movement through joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the human skeleton is described as the main support center for the upper body?

    <p>Backbone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint allows for radial movement in almost any direction?

    <p>Ball and socket joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a floating rib from other ribs?

    <p>It does not have costal cartilage attached to it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bone fracture occurs when the bone does not protrude through the skin?

    <p>Simple fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where would you find a saddle joint in the human body?

    <p>Thumb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint allows bones to slide past each other?

    <p>Gliding joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of bone fracture does the bone break in several spots?

    <p>Comminuted fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone disease is characterized by porous, brittle bones prone to fractures?

    <p>Osteoporosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone in the human skeleton is correctly paired with a short bone shape?

    <p>Sternum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone in the human skeleton is incorrectly paired with its shape?

    <p>Mandible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone is NOT part of the appendicular skeleton?

    <p>Sternum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many metacarpals are typically found in the human hand?

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone in the human skeleton is correctly paired with an irregular bone shape?

    <p>Skull (cranium)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Osteoblasts are mature bone cells responsible for dissolving collagen and mineral coating.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The combination of hard mineral and flexible collagen makes bone less brittle than cartilage.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Spongy bone is also known as cortical bone.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Each osteon has concentric layers of mineralized matrix deposited around a central canal.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Osteocytes are immature bone cells that deposit a matrix of collagen.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Osteoclasts release an acid to dissolve collagen and mineral coating in bones to lower calcium levels in the blood.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Trabecular bone is responsible for the lightweight nature of bones.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The human skeleton is composed of bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, and blood vessels.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Newborn humans have 305 bones in their skeleton.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The backbone is the main support center for the lower body.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The vertebral column protects the heart and lungs.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All joints between bones allow the same range of movement.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ribs 11 and 12 are known as fixed ribs due to the presence of costal cartilage attached to them.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ball and socket joint allows for radial movement in almost any direction and can be found in elbows and knees.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a gliding joint, bones slide past each other, and this type of joint is found at the end of clavicles.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A saddle joint occurs when two bones have only convex regions touching, limiting the range of movement.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a complete bone fracture, the bone partly fractures on one side but does not break completely.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Greenstick fractures are more common in adults due to their stronger and less elastic bones.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder where bones become dense and resistant to fractures.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Arthritis is a condition characterized by joint inflammation.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Scoliosis results in a longitudinal curvature of the spine.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The sternum is correctly paired with the classification of an irregular bone.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The femur is part of the appendicular skeleton.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Clavicle is correctly classified as part of the appendicular skeleton.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The human skeleton is divided into three divisions: cranium, vertebral column, and sternum.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hematopoiesis, the formation of blood cells, occurs in the yellow bone marrow.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The largest bone of the human body is the humerus.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Vertebral Column consists of 33 vertebrae separated by intervertebral discs.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The diaphysis is composed mostly of spongy bone.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The axial skeleton consists of 80 bones in total.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cartilage is eventually replaced by solid bone in adults, except in joints.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The periosteum forms the outside covering of the epiphysis.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flat bones are significantly longer than they are wide.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The fibrocartilage type of cartilage is found in costal cartilage within the rib cage.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

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