Anatomy Quiz: Muscles and Bones

The outer layer of connective tissue surrounding the diaphysis of a long bone. It contains blood vessels that nourish the bone.

The hamstrings are a group of three muscles on the posterior thigh: biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus.

The shoulder joint, where the scapula and humerus meet.

The maxilla is a facial bone that contains the upper teeth.

The tibiofemoral joint is where the femur (thigh bone) and tibia (shin bone) meet, forming the knee joint.

The occipital bone is a cranial bone that contains the foramen magnum, a large opening for the spinal cord.

Fontanels are the soft spots in a baby's skull that allow for growth and development.

The deltoid muscle covers the shoulder like a shoulder pad. It helps with arm abduction (lifting the arm away from the body).

The quadriceps femoris is a group of four muscles: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius. They straighten the leg at the knee.

This type of joint allows for a wide range of motion, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction. Examples include the shoulder and hip joints.

Curare blocks the transmission of nerve impulses at the neuromuscular junction, preventing muscle contraction and leading to paralysis.

The diaphysis is the main shaft of a long bone, providing structural support and strength.

The carpals are a group of eight small bones located in the wrist, providing flexibility and articulation with the radius and ulna.

The pectoralis major is a large, powerful muscle that allows for adduction, flexion, and internal rotation of the arm. It assists in pushing and pressing movements.

Scoliosis, kyphosis, and lordosis are abnormal curvatures of the spine that can lead to pain, difficulty with movement, and other health issues.

The buccinator is a flat muscle that helps flatten the cheek and position food between the teeth during chewing.

The occipital bone forms the back of the skull and contains a large opening called the foramen magnum, through which the spinal cord connects to the brain.

The mandible, or lower jaw, articulates with the temporal bone to form the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), which allows for jaw movement and chewing.

The olecranon process is a bony projection on the ulna, located at the elbow joint. It helps in extending the arm and provides attachment points for muscles.

The process of replacing cartilage with bone, a crucial step in bone development and repair.

The gastrocnemius and soleus muscles are located in the lower leg and work together to point the toes (plantarflexion).

The glenohumeral joint, located in the shoulder, is where the head of the humerus (upper arm bone) articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula (shoulder blade).

Myoglobin is a protein found in muscle cells that binds oxygen, which is essential for muscle function.

The periosteum is a tough membrane that surrounds the outer surface of bones, providing protection, nutrition, and facilitating bone growth.

The orbicularis oris muscle is a circular muscle that surrounds the mouth, responsible for closing the lips and forming various facial expressions.

Intercostal muscles are located between the ribs and play a crucial role in breathing by helping to move the rib cage.

The rectus abdominis, transversus abdominis, internal oblique, and external oblique are all muscles that help form the abdominal wall.

Both the hallux (big toe) and pollex (thumb) have phalanges. Phalanges are the bones that make up the fingers and toes.

The ulna is a bone in the forearm, not in the lower limbs. The other three bones are in the lower limbs.

Myosin is the protein that makes up the thick filament in muscle fibers. The other three are components of the thin filament.

The flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris muscles are responsible for flexing the hand at the wrist.

Osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and osseous tissue all relate to bone. While their functions differ, they are all involved in bone formation, maintenance and remodeling.

The tibiofemoral, hip, glenohumeral, and humeroulnar joints are all freely movable joints, allowing for a wide range of motion.

The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes that stores calcium in relaxed skeletal muscle.

The trapezius muscle is responsible for pulling the shoulders back, making a "scarecrow" pose.

A group of skeletal muscles that extend the thigh at the hip joint.

A bone found in the lower leg, located on the lateral (outer) side of the tibia.

The largest bone in the human body, supporting the weight of the body and connecting the hip joint to the knee joint.

The palatine process of this facial bone forms the anterior portion of the hard palate, including the front part of the roof of the mouth.

A group of four muscles located in the front of the thigh, responsible for extending the leg at the knee joint.

The process of muscle fibers being bound together by connective tissue.

The heel bone, the largest bone in the foot.

A large muscle in the upper back that aids in extending, adducting, and rotating the arm at the shoulder.

The muscle located on the anterior side of the humerus that helps to flex the forearm at the elbow.