Anatomy Quiz: Muscles and Bones

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Questions and Answers

Which statement about the hamstrings is incorrect?

They flex the leg at the knee.

They include the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus.

They are located on the posterior thigh.

They insert on the patella. (correct)

Which bone is NOT directly involved in forming the shoulder joint?

Radius (correct)

Scapula

Humerus

Clavicle

Which of the following is NOT a function of the periosteum?

Contains blood vessels that nourish the bone.

Provides a site for muscle attachment.

Allows for the growth in width of the bone.

Lines the medullary cavity. (correct)

Which bone directly articulates with the temporal bone at the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)?

Mandible (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the fontanels in a baby's skull?

To allow the skull to grow and change shape. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is responsible for flexing the leg at the knee and is part of the quadriceps femoris group?

Rectus femoris (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the deltoid muscle is INCORRECT?

It is located on the posterior side of the shoulder. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT directly involved in the contraction of a muscle fiber?

Inactivation of acetylcholinesterase. (C) Signup and view all the answers

The diaphysis is responsible for which of the following functions?

The main shaft of a long bone. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these bones forms the posterior portion of the skull and contains the foramen magnum?

Occipital (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a type of rib?

Spinal ribs (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary factor responsible for muscle relaxation?

Calcium ions are pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is least true of the mandible?

It articulates with the occipital bone. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of myoglobin in muscle tissue?

Store oxygen (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which joint connects the scapula and humerus?

Glenohumeral (A) Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the process of replacing cartilage with bone?

Ossification (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle surrounds the mouth and is responsible for various facial expressions?

Orbicularis oris (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure serves as the attachment site for tendons?

Periosteum (B) Signup and view all the answers

What effect does recruitment have on muscle contraction?

Increases the number of activated motor units (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles assist in the movement of the rib cage during breathing?

Intercostal muscles (B) Signup and view all the answers

The rectus, transversus, internal oblique, and external oblique are classified as which type of muscles?

Abdominal muscles (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of both the hallux and the pollex?

They belong to the phalanges family. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bones is not a part of the lower limbs?

Ulna (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which term does not refer to components of the thin filament in muscle contraction?

Myosin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What function is performed by the flexor carpi radialis and the flexor carpi ulnaris?

Flex the hand at the wrist (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the true statement regarding the terms osteoblast, osteoclast, osteocyte, and osseous tissue?

All refer to bone (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following joints are classified as freely movable?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

Where is calcium stored in relaxed skeletal muscle tissue?

Sarcoplasmic reticulum (C) Signup and view all the answers

To measure the length of the humerus, what specific points would you measure between?

Acromion to the olecranon process (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of fascicles in muscle structure?

Binding muscle fibers together (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which bone structure includes the calcaneus?

Tarsals (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which group correctly identifies abnormal curvatures of the spine?

Scoliosis, kyphosis, lordosis (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which large muscle group is primarily responsible for extending the thigh at the hip?

Gluteus maximus (B) Signup and view all the answers

The greater and lesser trochanters are prominent features of which bone?

Femur (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which facial bone contributes to forming the anterior portion of the hard palate?

Maxilla (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not considered a long bone or a marking associated with long bones?

Scapula (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle plays a synergistic role with the brachialis and brachioradialis in elbow flexion?

Biceps brachii (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding the types of ribs is incorrect?

All ribs are classified as true or false ribs (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which group correctly lists the types of spinal curvatures?

Scoliosis, kyphosis, lordosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Assignment 1 Study Notes

Question 1: The outer lining of connective tissue surrounding a long bone's shaft (diaphysis) is the periosteum, containing blood vessels supplying the bone.
Question 2: The biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus are hamstring muscles, located on the posterior (back) of the thigh.
Question 3: The scapula (shoulder blade) and humerus (upper arm bone) meet at the shoulder joint.
Question 4: The maxilla is a cranial bone, containing the upper teeth. It connects with the temporal bone (at the Temporomandibular Joint - TMJ).
Question 5: The femur (thigh bone) and tibia (shin bone) meet at the tibiofemoral joint.
Question 6: The occipital bone is a cranial bone, containing the foramen magnum (large opening for the spinal cord) and the external auditory meatus.
Question 7: Fontanels (soft spots) are areas in a baby's skull where the bones have not yet fused.
Question 8: The deltoid muscle covers the shoulder.
Question 9: The rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius are the four muscles of the quadriceps femoris group. These muscles extend the knee.
Question 10: Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter released when a nerve impulse stimulates a motor neuron.
Question 11: The olecranon process is a bony part of the ulna that connects to the elbow joint.
Question 12: Curare-induced muscle blockade causes muscle paralysis by blocking nerve impulses to muscles (neuromuscular junction).
Question 13: The diaphysis of a long bone is the shaft of the bone and is the main part of the bone.
Question 14: Carpals are wrist bones (short bones).
Question 15: The pectoralis major is a large chest muscle.
Question 16: Bones of the upper extremities include the humerus, radius, and ulna.
Question 17: The buccinator muscle controls movement of the cheek, which acts to position food between the teeth.
Question 18: The occipital bone has a foramen magnum and is a cranial bone.
Question 19: The mandible (lower jaw) articulates with the temporal bone to form the TMJ.
Question 20: The olecranon process is part of the ulna, and is associated with the humeroulnar joint.
Question 21: Muscle relaxation is achieved when calcium ions are pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Question 22: The intercostal muscles assist in breathing.
Question 23: The rectus, transversus, internal oblique, and external oblique muscles are the four abdominal muscles.
Question 24: The hallux (big toe) and pollex (thumb) are both the first digits of the respective limbs.
Question 25: The ulna is not found in the lower limbs.
Question 26: Myosin is a protein of the thick filament.
Question 27: The flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi radialis flex the hand at the wrist.
Question 28: Osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and osseous tissue are bone cells and the tissue they form.
Question 29: The tibiofemoral, hip, glenohumeral, and humeroulnar joints are synovial joints.
Question 30: Calcium is stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum in relaxed skeletal muscle.
Question 31: The trapezius muscle is responsible for the "makes like a scarecrow" movement.
Question 32: The length of the humerus is measured from the acromion process to the olecranon process.
Question 33: Fascicles are bundles of muscle fibers held together by connective tissue.
Question 34: The heel bone (calcaneus) is part of the foot.
Question 35: Bones of the lower extremities include the femur, tibia, and fibula.
Question 36: The hamstring muscles extend the thigh at the hip.
Question 37: The greater and lesser trochanters are on the femur.
Question 38: The palatine process of the maxilla forms the anterior part of the hard palate.
Question 39: Examples of long bones include the radius, femur. Examples of long bone markings include the greater trochanter and the lesser trochanter.
Question 40: The biceps brachii muscle assists in flexion of the forearm.
Question 41: Spinal curvatures include cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral. The bones of the lower extremities are the femur, tibia, and fibula.
Question 42: Muscles involved in breathing are the diaphragm and intercostals.
Question 43: Ossification is the process of cartilage replacing with bone.
Question 44: The gastrocnemius and soleus muscles are called the 'toe dancer's muscles".
Question 45: The glenohumeral joint is where the scapula and humerus meet.
Question 46: Myoglobin stores oxygen in muscle tissue.
Question 47: Tendons attach muscles to bones. Periosteum is the site of tendon attachment.
Question 48: The orbicularis oris muscle closes the mouth.
Question 49: Recruitment (increasing the number of activated motor units) increases the force of muscle contraction.
Question 50: Tendons attach muscles to bones.

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Description

Test your knowledge of human anatomy with this quiz focusing on muscles, bones, and their functions. Questions cover various aspects of the musculoskeletal system, including details about specific bones and muscle groups. Perfect for students studying anatomy or those interested in the human body.