Anatomy Quiz: Femoral Triangle and Foramina
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Questions and Answers

Which structure is located laterally in the femoral triangle?

  • Vena obturatoria
  • Nervus femoralis
  • Musculus adductor longus
  • Musculus sartorius (correct)

    • What is the content of the lacuna musculorum?

  • Musculus iliopsoas (correct)
  • Nervus pudendus
  • Vena femoralis
  • Arteria pudenda interna

    • What structure would be expected to occur in the medial part of the canalis femoralis?

  • Ramns femoralis n.genitofemoralis
  • Ligamentum lacunare
  • Nodus lymph. inguinalis profundus (correct)
  • Arteria femoralis

    • Which artery is associated with the lateral border of the trigonomum femorale?

    <p>Arteria femoralis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament demarcates the ventral border of the lacuna musculorum?

    <p>Ligamentum inguinale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure creates the boundaries of the greater sciatic foramen ventro-laterally?

    <p>incisura ischiadica major ossis coxae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve passes through the infrapiriform foramen?

    <p>nervus pudendus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary content structure of the lesser sciatic foramen?

    <p>vena pudenda int.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure separates the lacuna vasorum from the pelvis?

    <p>femoral septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the contents of the obturator canal?

    <p>arteria obturatoria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Topographical Anatomy of the Lower Limb

    • This presentation details the anatomical structures of the lower limb.
    • Specific focus is on foramina, borders, and content.

    Foramen Ischiadicum Majus (Greater Sciatic Foramen)

    • Borders:
      • Ventro-lateral: The greater sciatic notch of the hip bone.
      • Dorso-medial: Sacrotuberous ligament.
      • Caudal: Sacrospinous ligament.
    • Content:
      • Piriformis muscle, which divides the foramen into supra- and infra-piriform parts.

    Foramen Suprapiriforme

    • Borders:
      • Ventro-lateral: Greater sciatic notch of hip bone.
      • Dorso-medial: Sacrotuberous ligament.
      • Caudal: Piriformis muscle.
    • Content:
      • Superior gluteal nerve.
      • Superior gluteal artery.
      • Superior gluteal vein.

    Foramen Infrapiriforme

    • Borders:
      • Ventro-lateral: Greater sciatic notch of hip bone.
      • Dorso-medial: Sacrotuberous ligament.
      • Caudal: Piriformis muscle.
    • Content:
      • Inferior gluteal nerve.
      • Inferior gluteal artery.
      • Inferior gluteal vein.
      • Sciatic nerves.
      • Pudendal nerve.
      • Pudendal artery.
      • Pudendal vein.
      • Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve.

    Foramen Ischiadicum Minus (Lesser Sciatic Foramen)

    • Borders:
      • Ventro-lateral: Lesser sciatic notch of hip bone.
      • Dorso-medial: Sacrotuberous ligament.
    • Content:
      • Pudendal nerve.
      • Pudendal artery.
      • Pudendal vein.
      • Obturator internus muscle.

    Canalis Obturatorius

    • Borders: Obturator membrane covering foramen obturatum. The foramen obturatum is missing in the area of the obturator sulcus, creating the canal.
    • Content:
      • Obturator nerve.
      • Obturator artery.
      • Obturator vein.

    Lacuna Vasorum (Vascular Space)

    • Borders:
      • Ventral: Inguinal ligament (Poupart's ligament).
      • Lateral: Iliopectineal eminence.
      • Medial: Lacunar ligament (Gimbernati).
      • Dorsal: Pectineal ligament adjoined with pubic bone.
    • Content:
      • Profound inguinal lymph nodes.
      • Femoral vein.
      • Femoral artery.
      • Genitofemoral nerve branch.

    Lacuna Musculorum (Muscular Space)

    • Borders:
      • Ventral: Inguinal ligament.
      • Dorsal: Ilium.
      • Medial: Iliopectineal eminence.
    • Content:
      • Femoral nerve.
      • Iliopsoas muscle.
      • Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh.

    Trigoni Femorale (Femoral Triangle)

    • Borders:
      • Proximal: Inguinal ligament.
      • Medial: Adductor longus muscle.
      • Lateral: Sartorius muscle.
    • Content:
      • Femoral nerve.
      • Femoral artery.
      • Femoral vein.
      • Profound inguinal lymph nodes.
      • Branches of these structures.

    Fossa Iliopektinea (Iliopektineal Fossa)

    • Borders: Lateral: Iliopsoas muscle. Medial: Pectineus muscle. Bottom/posterior: Iliopectineal fascia.
    • Content: Femoral vein, femoral artery.

    Hiatus Saphenus (Saphenous Opening)

    • Borders: Passage to the fossa iliopektineal through the cribriform fascia (part of the femoral fascia). Lateral border is the falciform margin.
    • Content: Superficial epigastric vein, superficial external pudendal artery and vein, superficial circumflex iliac vein, saphenous vein.

    Canalis Adductorius (Hunter’s Canal)

    • Borders: Medial: Adductor longus. Lateral: Vastus medialis. Ventral: Vastus-adductor lamina. Dorsal: Adductor magnus. The canal is covered by sartorius.
    • Content: Femoral vein, femoral artery, saphenous nerve, perforating branch of the descending genicular artery.

    Hiatus Adductorius

    • Location: Distal end of the adductor canal, between insertion tendons of the adductor magnus.
    • Content: Femoral artery, femoral vein. Changes into popliteal artery and vein here.

    Fossa Poplitea (Popliteal Fossa)

    • Borders: Medial and proximal: Semimembranosus, Semitendinosus. Lateral and proximal: Biceps femoris. Distal: Medial and lateral heads of gastrocnemius. Posterior: Popliteus.
    • Content: Sciatic nerve dividing into tibial and common fibular nerves. Popliteal vein and tributaries, popliteal artery and branches, popliteal lymph nodes (deep).

    Arcus Tendineus M. Solei (Tendinous Arch of Soleus Muscle)

    • Borders: Tendinous arch originating from the fibula and extending to the posterior tibia, superior to the interosseous membrane.
    • Content: Tibial nerve, posterior tibial artery, and vein.

    Canalis Musculofubularis (Hyrtl's Canal)

    • Borders: Lateral: Fibula. Medial: Longus hallucis flexor.
    • Content: Fibular artery and vein.

    Lisfranc's Joint

    • Description: Complex of tarsometatarsal joints and intermetatarsal joins.
    • Location: Foot.

    Chopart's Joint

    • Description: Talocalcaneonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints
    • Location: Foot.

    Structures Behind the Medial Malleolus (Tarsal Canal)

    • Borders: Medial malleolus, ventral malleolus, dorsal calcaneal tuberosity.
    • Content: Medial malleolus, calcaneal tuberosity (dorsal), tendons of the posterior tibial and flexor hallucis longus.

    Structures in Front of the Medial Malleolus

    • Borders: Medial; retinaculum extensorum, dorsal; medial malleolus.
    • Content: Ventral; retinaculum extensorum, venae saphena magna, nervus saphenus. Dorsal; musculus tibialis anterior.

    Structures Behind the Lateral Malleolus

    • Borders: Lateral malleolus, ventral malleolus, dorsal calcaneal tuberosity.
    • Content: Superficial; vena saphenous parva, nervus sural. Deep; tendo fibularis longi/brevis, and tendons often in a common tendon sheath.

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    Topographical Anatomy of the Lower Limb PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the anatomical structures related to the femoral triangle and the various foramina of the pelvis. This quiz covers essential ligaments, nerves, and vessels associated with these regions. Perfect for students of anatomy or those preparing for related medical examinations.

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