Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 2 Flashcards

Energy stored in the bonds of chemical substances.

Linear chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms with an organic acid group at one end.

<p>Energy form that travels in waves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organic compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Any compound composed of carbon atoms held together by covalent bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An energy relationship holding atoms together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Process by which a large molecule is synthesized by covalently bonding smaller molecules together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Class of organic molecules that includes DNA and RNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organic compound formed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; examples are fats and cholesterol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Group of chemical substances including certain hormones and cholesterol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical reaction in which a molecule is broken down into smaller molecules or its constituent atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The energy directly involved in moving matter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process of spontaneous decay seen in some heavier isotopes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical bond created by electron sharing between atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A substance that releases hydrogen ions when in solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical bond formed by electron transfer between atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The one- or two-letter symbol used to indicate an element.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of protons in an atom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One of a limited number of unique varieties of matter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Literally, double sugar; e.g., sucrose, lactose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ionic compound that dissociates into charged particles when dissolved in water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Main carbohydrate stored in animal cells; a polysaccharide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nonsymmetrical molecules that contain electrically unbalanced atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A chain of amino acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The average of the mass numbers of all the isotopes of an element.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The energy of motion or movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Uncharged subatomic particle found in the atomic nucleus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weak bond in which a hydrogen atom forms a bridge between two electron-hungry atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Particle consisting of two or more atoms joined together by chemical bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Steroid found in animal fats and body tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Energy formed by the movement of charged particles across cell membranes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical reaction in which bonds are both made and broken.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modified lipid containing phosphorus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isotope that exhibits radioactive behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Building block of nucleic acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Process in which water is used to split a substance into smaller particles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Substance composed of two or more different elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organic compound containing nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Literally, one sugar; building block of carbohydrates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrogen ion concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The capacity to do work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subatomic particle that bears a positive charge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Different atomic forms of the same element.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The smallest part of an element.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fats and oils composed of fatty acids and glycerol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Literally, many sugars; a polymer of linked monosaccharides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complex substance containing carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Outermost electron shell of an atom that contains electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Negatively charged subatomic particle orbiting the atom's nucleus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Principal blood sugar; a hexose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical reaction in which larger, more complex atoms or molecules are formed from simpler ones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anything that occupies space and has mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organic molecule that stores and releases chemical energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical substances that do not contain carbon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atom with a positive or negative electric charge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A modified simple sugar (a sugar alcohol).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Process in which molecules are formed, changed, or broken down.</p> Signup and view all the answers