L2 Anatomy of Urinary Bladder (P2 Hard)

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Questions and Answers

Which structure is located at the apex of the urinary bladder?

Detrusor muscle

Vesical trigone

Urachus (correct)

Internal urethral orifice

How does the shape of the urinary bladder change when distended?

It expands antero-superiorly (correct)

It becomes cylindrical

It assumes a flat shape

It retains a pyramidal shape

What part of the urinary bladder forms its posterior surface?

Inferolateral surfaces

Apex

Neck

Base (correct)

Which nerve plexus is associated with the urinary bladder?

Pelvic plexus Signup and view all the answers

What is the triangular area formed by the ureteric and urethral openings within the urinary bladder called?

Vesical trigone Signup and view all the answers

The detrusor muscle has what function in relation to the urinary bladder?

It contracts involuntarily to expel urine Signup and view all the answers

In females, the urinary bladder's position relative to neighboring structures is different compared to males primarily because of what anatomical feature?

Size of the uterus Signup and view all the answers

The arterial supply of the urinary bladder is significant for which reason?

It provides nutrients and oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the internal urethral orifice?

Serves as an exit for urine Signup and view all the answers

Which defines the neck of the urinary bladder?

It connects the bladder to the urethra Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the median umbilical ligament?

Connects the bladder to the umbilicus Signup and view all the answers

Which arteries are responsible for supplying the fundus and neck of the urinary bladder in females?

Vaginal Arteries Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of sympathetic fibers in the urinary bladder's nerve supply?

Inhibitory to the sphincter Signup and view all the answers

Where do the veins of the bladder primarily drain into?

Internal iliac veins Signup and view all the answers

Which ligaments are classified as false ligaments associated with the urinary bladder?

Median umbilical fold and two medial umbilical folds Signup and view all the answers

What condition results from lesions to the sacral spinal cord segments or sacral spinal nerve roots?

Atonic bladder Signup and view all the answers

What do the medial pubo-prostatic ligaments connect?

Neck of the bladder to the prostatic sheath Signup and view all the answers

Which structure encloses the vesical venous plexus?

Posterior ligaments Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the superior vesicle arteries?

Internal iliac artery Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the urinary bladder's vascular supply is specifically linked to male anatomy?

Inferior vesicle arteries Signup and view all the answers

What is the main consequence of the superior relation of the urinary bladder with the uterus during pregnancy?

Decreased capacity of the bladder Signup and view all the answers

What structures are covered by the peritoneum in males?

Superior surface and upper part of the base Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ligaments connects the neck of the bladder to the tendinous arch of the pelvic fascia in females?

Lateral Pubo-Vesical Ligaments Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical structure is posterior to the urinary bladder in females?

Cervix Signup and view all the answers

What common clinical issue may arise from the posterior relationship of the urinary bladder with the cervix?

Cervical cancer invasion Signup and view all the answers

In women, which anatomical structure does the peritoneum reflect to after covering the superior surface of the bladder?

Anterior surface of the uterus Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical significance of the recto-vesical pouch in males?

Potential space for fluid accumulation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly identifies the role of the lateral true ligaments in the urinary bladder?

Stretch from bladder to pelvic fascia Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the inferior aspect of the urinary bladder is accurate?

It shares the same structures in both males and females Signup and view all the answers

How does the anatomy of the urinary bladder differ between males and females at the apex?

Both have the umbilical attached to the anterior abdominal wall Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Quranic Verse

The verse is from Surah Al-Dhariyat, Ayah 21
The verse states "And in the earth are signs for those who have certainty. And within yourselves, then why do you not see?"

Renal Module

Course code: IMP/07/20318
Phase I
Second year/ semester 3
Course duration: 5 weeks

Anatomy of the Urinary Bladder - Learning Outcomes

Describe the shape, size, and parts of the urinary bladder.
State its location in males and females.
Differentiate between the relations of the urinary bladder in males and females.
List the arterial supply of the urinary bladder and its significance.
Describe the lymphatic drainage of the urinary bladder and ureter.
Describe the nerve plexus.

The Urinary Bladder - Structure

Reservoir for urine
Located posterior to the pubic bones and pubic symphysis
Shape varies with age, fullness, and surrounding organs
Empty shape: pyramidal
Contains an apex, base (fundus), neck, superior surface, and two inferolateral surfaces

The Urinary Bladder - Internal Structures

Apex (anterior angle): Attachment site for the urachus.
Base (posterior surface/fundus): Includes two ureteric openings, an internal urethral orifice, and the interureteric ridge (forming the upper border of the trigon).
Neck: 3-4 cm long, where the base and inferolateral surfaces meet. Contains the internal urethral opening. Contains the internal sphincter muscle.
Superior surface: Forms the roof of the bladder.
Interferolateral surfaces: Triangular in shape

Bladder Relations (Male and Female)

Males: Rectovesical pouch separates the bladder from the rectum.
Females: The uterovesical pouch separates the bladder from the uterus.

Bladder Relations (cont.)

The relationship between the urinary bladder and uterus in pregnant females may cause increased urinary urgency due to compression.
The location of the urinary bladder's inferior surface relating to the uterine cervix may lead to complications in cases of cervical cancer.

Ligaments of the Urinary Bladder

True Ligaments: Lateral true ligaments, lateral pubo-prostatic/vesical ligaments, medial pubo-prostatic/vesical ligaments
False Ligaments: Median umbilical fold, two medial umbilical folds (over obliterated umbilical arteries), two posterior false ligaments (attach to front of the sacrum).

Arterial Supply of the Urinary Bladder

Superior vesical arteries: Supply the apex and superior part. Branch of internal iliac artery.
Inferior vesical arteries: Supply the base and neck in males. Branched from internal iliac artery.
Vaginal arteries: Supply the fundus and neck (females). Branch of uterine artery.
Obturator arteries: Branch of internal iliac artery, providing arterial twigs

Venous Drainage of the Urinary Bladder

Veins don't directly follow arteries, forming a plexus near the prostate (male) or the base of the broad ligament of the uterus (female).
The plexus drains into the internal iliac veins.

Nerve Supply of the Urinary Bladder

Sympathetic fibers: Inhibit bladder muscle, stimulate sphincter. Originate from T11-L2.
Parasympathetic fibers: Stimulate bladder muscle, inhibit sphincter. Originate from S2-S4.

Atonic Bladder

Damage to sacral spinal cord causes loss of pelvic splanchnic motor innervation.
Results in inability to contract detrusor muscles.
Continuous dribbling of urine.

Spastic Bladder

Damage above sacral cord segments causes loss of sympathetic inhibition during filling.
Excessive detrusor muscle contraction.
Urge incontinence.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

(Question 1) Pregnancy-related urinary urgency.
(Question 2) Arterial Supply of the urinary bladder.

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Description

This quiz explores the anatomy and physiological functions of the urinary bladder, including its structure, location, and relationships in both males and females. Students will learn about the blood supply and nerve plexus associated with the urinary bladder. Ideal for those in the second year of medical studies.