Lesson 19 Preguntas cortas

The 5 phases of food preparation in the digestive system are: ingestion, fragmentation, digestion, absorption, and elimination of waste products.

The primary areas of the digestive system are made up of tubular organs with four components arranged in concentric layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis or muscular layer, and serosa or adventitia.

The secondary areas of the digestive system are parenchymatous organs or attached glands, such as the salivary glands, the liver, and the pancreas.

<p>The mucosa is made up of an epithelial sheet in contact with the lumen, which is an epithelial lining tissue of a variable type depending on the location.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lamina propria is a loose connective tissue with blood and lymphatic vessels, and it provides support for the epithelium and houses immune cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The muscularis mucosae is absent in the oral cavity, pharynx, some parts of the esophagus, and rumen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The submucosa is a layer of loose connective tissue with blood and lymphatic vessels and glands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The muscularis or muscular layer is composed of several layers of smooth and/or striated muscle tissue, depending on the location.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The adventitia is a layer of loose connective tissue surrounding the muscularis externa layer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mucosa in the oral cavity has a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, a thin lamina propria, and a thicker, more collagenous deep layer. Its function is food ingestion and fragmentation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The structure of the oral cavity includes the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, adventitia, and skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The gingiva or gums have a squamous stratified epithelium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lips are made up of an orbicularis oris muscle, an external area with hairs and glands, a red transition area, and an internal area with oral mucosa and minor salivary glands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tongue is a muscular, tubular organ with a ventral and dorsal face, a central zone of striated muscle tissue, and numerous glands of serous, mucous, and mixed secretion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hard palate has rugae, a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, and abundant mucous minor salivary glands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The soft palate has a portion facing the oral cavity with a non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and a portion facing the laryngo-pharynx with a ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Filiform, fungiform, circumvallate, and foliate types</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abundant, serve to detach food, lack taste buds, lined by a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shaped like mushrooms, scattered among filiform papillae, have taste buds, lined by non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, have a variety of functions and distributions in different species</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rare, calyx-shaped, submerged in the surface of the tongue, surrounded by the annular groove, have taste buds and excretory ducts of serous glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At the base of the circumvallate papillae</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flavors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enamel (hardest substance, made of hydroxyapatite, synthesized by ameloblasts), dentin (second hardest tissue, made of 70% minerals, synthesized by odontoblasts), cementum (slightly modified bone tissue, made of lamellae, synthesized by cementocytes)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brachydont teeth (have a crown and root), hypsodont teeth (lack a crown and root but have an elongated body)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypsodont teeth</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Submucosa and non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Directly covered by keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, without a submucosa layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Minor salivary glands located on the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Serous, mucous, and myoepithelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intercalated, striated, excretory intralobular, interlobular, interlobar, and terminal ducts</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Naso-pharynx, oro-pharynx, and laryngo-pharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stratified squamous epithelium, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, and muscularis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dog and pig</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Horse, ruminants, and cats</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A dilation of the esophagus with a similar structure but less high folds</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Facilitate food fragmentation and swallowing, and secretion of mixed serous and mucous to keep mucous membranes moist and lubricate food</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fibrous connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The 5 phases of food preparation in the digestive system are: ingestion (intake of food), fragmentation (mechanical breakdown of food), digestion (chemical breakdown of food), absorption (uptake of nutrients), and elimination of waste products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary areas of the digestive system consist of tubular or membranous organs such as the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestine. These organs are made up of four components arranged in concentric layers, including mucosa, submucosa, muscularis (muscular layer), and serosa or adventitia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main function of the digestive system is the preparation of food for absorption by the body, including the processes of ingestion, fragmentation, digestion, absorption, and elimination of waste products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mucosa in the digestive system is composed of an epithelial sheet in contact with the lumen, a lamina propria, and a layer of smooth muscle known as the muscularis mucosae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brachydont teeth have a crown and root, while hypsodont teeth lack a crown and root but have an elongated body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Von Ebner glands are minor salivary glands located at the base of the circumvallate papillae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enamel is made up of hydroxyapatite and is synthesized by ameloblasts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Filiform papillae are abundant, serve to detach food, lack taste buds, and are lined by a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mucosa in the oral cavity contains taste buds, intraepithelial sensory organs responsible for sensing flavors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The papillae on the dorsal face of the tongue are morphologically divided into filiform, fungiform, circumvallate, and foliate types.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dentin is made up of 70% minerals and is synthesized by odontoblasts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The capsule and lobes/lobules of major salivary glands are formed by connective tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fungiform papillae are shaped like mushrooms, have taste buds, and have a variety of functions and distributions in different species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The bird esophagus is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ventral face of the tongue is covered by submucosa and non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The adventitia provides support and protection to the structures in the digestive system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three types of cells found in the acini of major salivary glands are serous, mucous, and myoepithelial cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The different types of excretory ducts found in major salivary glands are intercalated, striated, excretory intralobular, interlobular, interlobar, and terminal ducts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three parts of the pharynx responsible for swallowing are naso-pharynx, oro-pharynx, and laryngo-pharynx.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The oro-pharynx has keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and a muscular layer of longitudinal and circular skeletal striated fibers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The esophagus has keratinized or non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, muscularis mucosae, submucosa with connective tissue and mucous glands, and a muscularis of smooth muscle fibers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dogs have oesophageal glands along their entire length, pigs have them up to the middle, horses, ruminants, and cats have them only at the beginning, and birds have oesophageal glands in their mucosa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pharynx in birds has a ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium, mucous glands, and smooth muscle fibers in the muscularis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The crop in birds is a dilation of the esophagus with a similar structure but less high folds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The naso-pharynx and laryngo-pharynx have ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium, lamina propria with elastic fibers, and lymphoid tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The major salivary glands facilitate food fragmentation and swallowing, and their secretion keeps mucous membranes moist and lubricates food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The glands in major salivary glands are compound tubuloacinar exocrine glands with a fibrous connective tissue capsule and lobes/lobules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The exocrine ducts in major salivary glands are highly branched and named intercalated, striated, excretory intralobular, interlobular, interlobar, and terminal ducts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The components of the oral cavity's structure include the mucosa (for protection and sensation), submucosa (for support), muscularis (for movement), adventitia (for attachment), and skin (for protection).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The gingiva or gums are composed of a squamous stratified epithelium and have the function of protecting the underlying structures and providing a barrier against bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main components of the lips include the orbicularis oris muscle (for movement), an external area with hairs and glands (for sensation and protection), a red transition area (vermilion border), and an internal area with oral mucosa and minor salivary glands (for moisture and lubrication).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tongue is a muscular, tubular organ with a ventral and dorsal face, a central zone of striated muscle tissue, and numerous glands of serous, mucous, and mixed secretion. Its function includes manipulation of food, taste perception, and initiation of swallowing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hard palate has rugae, a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, and abundant mucous minor salivary glands. Its function includes separating the oral and nasal cavities during swallowing and speech production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The soft palate has a portion facing the oral cavity with a non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and a portion facing the laryngo-pharynx with a ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium. Its function includes closing the nasal cavity during swallowing and directing food to the esophagus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lamina propria is a loose connective tissue with blood and lymphatic vessels, providing support and nourishment to the mucosa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The submucosa is a layer of loose connective tissue with blood and lymphatic vessels and glands, providing support, nourishment, and secretions to the mucosa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The muscularis or muscular layer is composed of several layers of smooth and/or striated muscle tissue, depending on the location.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The adventitia is a layer of loose connective tissue surrounding the muscularis externa layer, providing support and attachment to surrounding structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The muscularis mucosae, made of smooth muscle fibers, is present in most sections of the digestive system, but not in the oral cavity, pharynx, some parts of the esophagus, and rumen. Its function includes providing movement and support to the mucosa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The minor salivary glands are located in the lips, cheeks, hard palate, soft palate, and tongue. Their function includes providing moisture, lubrication, and enzyme secretion for digestion.</p> Signup and view all the answers