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Questions and Answers
Which artery branches from the common hepatic artery?
Which artery branches from the common hepatic artery?
What is the length of the duodenum?
What is the length of the duodenum?
Which artery supplies the short gastric artery?
Which artery supplies the short gastric artery?
Which of the following describes the duodenum?
Which of the following describes the duodenum?
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What is the primary branch of the splenic artery relevant to gastric supplies?
What is the primary branch of the splenic artery relevant to gastric supplies?
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What is the primary shape of the stomach?
What is the primary shape of the stomach?
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What is the capacity range of the stomach?
What is the capacity range of the stomach?
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Which region of the abdominal cavity is located above the stomach?
Which region of the abdominal cavity is located above the stomach?
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Which part of the stomach is named due to its proximity to the heart?
Which part of the stomach is named due to its proximity to the heart?
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What structure does the pyloric end of the stomach connect to?
What structure does the pyloric end of the stomach connect to?
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What is the name of the thickened ring of muscle at the pyloric end?
What is the name of the thickened ring of muscle at the pyloric end?
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What are the longitudinal folds in the mucosal layer of the stomach called?
What are the longitudinal folds in the mucosal layer of the stomach called?
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Which layer of the stomach is directly underneath the mucosal layer?
Which layer of the stomach is directly underneath the mucosal layer?
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Study Notes
Stomach
- The stomach is the most dilated part of the gastrointestinal tract, located between T11 and L1.
- It's shaped like a J.
- Its capacity ranges from 1 to 1.5 liters, with a volume of 30 to 50 cubic centimeters.
- The stomach measures approximately 11 by 25 cm.
Abdominal Regions
- The abdominal cavity is divided into 9 regions by two vertical and two horizontal lines.
- Regions include: right hypochondrium, epigastric region, left hypochondrium, right flank, umbilical region, left flank, right groin, pubic region, and left groin.
Stomach Regions
- Fundus: The part closest to the diaphragm.
- Corpus (Body): The main central part..
- Pyloric: The part connecting to the duodenum, which includes the pyloric antrum and canal.
- Cardia: The part near the esophagus.
- Lesser curvature: The inner curve of the stomach
- Greater curvature: The outer curve of the stomach
- Angular incisure: The angle between the lesser and greater curvatures.
Stomach Layers and Histology
- The stomach has a mucosal layer (inner lining).
- The stomach also contains a submucosal layer.
- The stomach's muscular layer is composed of longitudinal, circular, and oblique muscle layers.
- The stomach's outer layer is the peritoneal layer.
Stomach Blood Supply
- The blood supply to the stomach comes from the celiac trunk, which branches into the left gastric, splenic, and common hepatic arteries.
- The various arteries of the stomach include short gastric, left and right gastroepiploic, and supraduodenal arteries.
Stomach Lymph Nodes
- Lymphatic drainage from the stomach occurs via the celiac, gastric, and superior and inferior mesenteric lymph nodes.
Stomach Nerves
- The stomach is innervated by anterior and posterior vagal trunks.
- Branches of the vagus nerve also supply the stomach.
Duodenum
- The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine.
- Its shape is C-shaped.
- It is located adjacent to the head of the pancreas.
- The duodenum is approximately 25 cm long.
- It has four parts: superior, descending, horizontal, and ascending.
- A variety of arteries and veins supply the duodenum.
- Lymphatic and nerve supply are significant parts of this structure.
Stomach and Duodenum Differences
- The primary difference between the stomach and duodenum is their location and function.
- The stomach breaks down food into a chyme form.
- The duodenum continues the digestive process using secretions from the pancreas and liver.
Histology of the Duodenal Wall
- The duodenal wall consists of layers including mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa.
- Characteristic cells, glands, and specializations present in this section are integral to functions.
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Description
Dive into the anatomy of the stomach and its regions as well as the divisions of the abdominal cavity. This quiz covers important structures such as the fundus, corpus, and pyloric areas, while also exploring the nine key abdominal regions. Test your understanding of gastrointestinal anatomy!
