Anatomy of the Sternum

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What articulates with the clavicles and the first costal cartilage and the upper part of the second costal cartilage on each side?

The ribs
The manubrium (correct)
The xiphoid process
The body of the sternum

What is formed by the articulation of the manubrium with the body of the sternum?

The jugular notch
The xiphisternal joint
The manubriosternal joint
The sternal angle (correct)

At what level does the sternal angle lie?

The level of the fifth costal cartilage
The level of the fourth costal cartilage
The level of the third costal cartilage
The level of the second costal cartilage (correct)

What is the junction of the superior mediastinum and the inferior mediastinum at the level of?

The fourth and fifth thoracic vertebrae (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common site for marrow biopsy?

The body of the sternum (B) Signup and view all the answers

How many pairs of ribs are there?

Twelve pairs (D) Signup and view all the answers

How many pairs of true ribs are there?

Seven (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the costal groove on a typical rib?

Accommodating the intercostal vessels and nerve (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the first rib?

It is an atypical rib (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is attached to the upper surface and inner border of the first rib?

Scalenus anterior (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the head of a rib?

Articulating with the vertebral body (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the eighth, ninth, and tenth pairs of ribs?

False ribs (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the subclavian vein in relation to the scalenus anterior?

Anterior to the scalenus anterior (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which rib has a tuberosity for serratus anterior?

2nd rib (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the costal cartilages?

To connect the upper seven ribs to the lateral edge of the sternum (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is the manubriosternal joint?

Cartilaginous joint (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the xiphisternal joint?

It is a cartilaginous joint (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of ribs that articulate with the corresponding vertebral body and that of the vertebra above it?

From the 2nd to the 9th ribs (D) Signup and view all the answers

What vessels and nerve pass through the thoracic wall?

Inferior vena cava and the right phrenic nerve (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the posterior intercostal arteries of the first two spaces?

Costocervical trunk of the subclavian artery (A) Signup and view all the answers

Where do the anterior intercostal veins of the first six spaces drain into?

Internal thoracic and musculophrenic veins (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the internal thoracic artery?

First part of the subclavian artery (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the internal thoracic artery?

About a fingerbreadth lateral to the sternum (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the branch of the internal thoracic artery that gives rise to the anterior intercostal arteries of the lower spaces?

Musculophrenic artery (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathway of the tenth and eleventh nerves?

They pass forward directly into the abdominal wall (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pleural branches of the intercostal nerves?

They run to the parietal pleura (A) Signup and view all the answers

Where is the mammary gland located in the thoracic wall?

In the subcutaneous tissue overlying the pectoralis major and minor muscles (B) Signup and view all the answers