Anatomy of the Small Intestine
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Questions and Answers

What is the approximate length of the small intestine?

  • 6.9 centimeters
  • 6.9 millimeters
  • 6.9 meters (correct)
  • 6.9 kilometers

What is the main function of the small intestine?

  • To eliminate waste products
  • To store food
  • To mix food with digestive enzymes
  • To absorb nutrients (correct)

What is the role of microvilli in the small intestine?

  • To absorb vitamins and minerals
  • To increase surface area for absorption (correct)
  • To decrease surface area for absorption
  • To break down nutrients

What is the role of the pancreas in the small intestine?

<p>To produce digestive enzymes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What separates the small intestine from the large intestine?

<p>The ileocecal valve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the artery that supplies blood to the small intestine?

<p>The superior mesenteric artery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Small Intestine

Structure

  • Long, thin, and winding tube, approximately 6.9 meters (23 feet) long
  • Divided into three regions:
    1. Duodenum (25 cm / 10 in long)
    2. Jejunum (2.5 meters / 8.2 feet long)
    3. Ileum (3.5 meters / 11.5 feet long)
  • Inner wall lined with finger-like projections called villi, increasing surface area
  • Microvilli on the surface of epithelial cells further increase surface area

Function

  • Primary site for nutrient absorption
  • Breakdown and absorption of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
  • Houses a large population of immune cells, aiding in immune function
  • Produces digestive enzymes and absorbs vitamins and minerals

Absorption

  • Nutrients absorbed into bloodstream through the walls of the intestine
  • Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats broken down into simpler molecules
  • Absorbed nutrients transported to the liver for processing and distribution
  • Vitamin and mineral absorption also occurs in the small intestine

Digestion

  • Pancreatic juices and bile from the liver and gallbladder mix with food in the small intestine
  • Pancreatic enzymes break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
  • Bile emulsifies fats, increasing surface area for enzyme activity
  • Digestion occurs in the duodenum, with the majority of nutrient absorption occurring in the jejunum

Anatomy

  • Located below the stomach, in the abdominal cavity
  • Connected to the stomach by the pyloric sphincter
  • Ileocecal valve separates the small intestine from the large intestine
  • Rich blood supply from the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries

Small Intestine Structure

  • The small intestine is a long, thin, and winding tube, approximately 6.9 meters (23 feet) long
  • It is divided into three regions: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
  • The duodenum is 25 cm (10 in) long, the jejunum is 2.5 meters (8.2 feet) long, and the ileum is 3.5 meters (11.5 feet) long
  • The inner wall of the small intestine is lined with finger-like projections called villi, increasing the surface area
  • Microvilli on the surface of epithelial cells further increase the surface area

Small Intestine Function

  • The small intestine is the primary site for nutrient absorption
  • It breaks down and absorbs carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
  • The small intestine houses a large population of immune cells, aiding in immune function
  • It produces digestive enzymes and absorbs vitamins and minerals

Absorption and Digestion

  • Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream through the walls of the intestine
  • Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are broken down into simpler molecules
  • Absorbed nutrients are transported to the liver for processing and distribution
  • Vitamin and mineral absorption also occurs in the small intestine
  • Pancreatic juices and bile from the liver and gallbladder mix with food in the small intestine
  • Pancreatic enzymes break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
  • Bile emulsifies fats, increasing surface area for enzyme activity

Anatomy

  • The small intestine is located below the stomach, in the abdominal cavity
  • It is connected to the stomach by the pyloric sphincter
  • The ileocecal valve separates the small intestine from the large intestine
  • The small intestine has a rich blood supply from the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries

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Description

Learn about the structure and function of the small intestine, including its length, regions, and role in nutrient absorption.

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