24 Questions
The descending colon is the ______________ part of the three parts of the colon in Carnivores.
longest
The rectum connects with the duodenocolic fold to the ascending ______________.
duodenum
The mesorectum is supported in the rectum of Carnivores.
it
In Equine, the colon ventral dextrum is also known as the right ______________ colon.
ventral
The colon dorsale dextrum is suspended by the ascending ______________.
mesocolon
The transverse colon moves from the ______________ side of the abdomen to the left side.
right
The ascending colon in Ruminants has an Ansa proximalis coli, which is an S-shaped ______________.
curve
In small Ruminants, the last centrifugal turn of the Ansa Spiralis is away from the coil to come close to the ______________.
jejunum
The jejunum is the most _______________ part of the small intestine.
mobile
The jejunum is located in the _______________ part of the abdominal cavity in dogs.
ventral
The ileum is the _______________ terminal of the small intestine.
short
The large intestine has three primary functions: absorbing _______________ and electrolytes, producing and absorbing vitamins, and forming and propelling feces toward the rectum for elimination.
water
The cecum is attached to the _______________ body wall near the right kidney and the root of the mesentery in horses.
dorsal
The Horse's cecum has a capacity of up to _______________ liters.
30
The bacteria in the cecum digests _______________ fibers.
plant
The Ruminant's cecum is present in between the _______________ and large intestine.
small intestine
In ruminant animals, the centrifugal turns of small ______________ have segmented contents of the faeces.
ruminant
In a ruminant, the Transverse colon is located in front of the ______________ artery.
cranial mesenteric
The ______________ colon joins to the Descending colon.
Transverse
The Rectum passes into the ______________ cavity.
pelvic
In ruminant animals, the Liver has a ______________ fold in the Rectum.
transverse
The largest gland in the body, which is both endocrine and exocrine in function, is the ______________.
Liver
The ______________ lobe of the Liver is single in ruminant animals.
right
In Horse, the ______________ is absent.
gallbladder
Study Notes
Small Intestine
- Absorbs nutrients (vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats, proteins) and water from food
Jejunum
- Most mobile part of small intestine
- Located in the ventral part of the abdominal cavity in dogs and covered by greater omentum
- Located in the left dorsal part of the abdomen in horses
- Located in the supramental recess in ruminants
Ileum
- Short terminal part of the small intestine
- Connects to the cecum (first part of the large intestine)
Large Intestine
- Has three primary functions: absorbing water and electrolytes, producing and absorbing vitamins, and forming and propelling feces toward the rectum for elimination
- Divided into the cecum, colon, and rectum in all domestic animals
Cecum
- Unique because it has no direct connection to the ileum in canines
- A short, comma-shaped diverticulum of the ascending colon in cats, about 2-3 cm long
- In horses, it is attached to the dorsal body wall near the right kidney and the root of the mesentery and has sacculation
- In ruminants, it is present between the small intestine and large intestine
- Contains bacteria that digests plant fibers in horses and ruminants
- Has three taeniae with three row sacculations in pigs, similar to horses
Colon
- Divided into the ascending colon, transverse colon, and descending colon
- Has a sigmoidal flexure in ruminants
- Has an Ansa distalis coli (distal loop) that joins to the transverse colon
Rectum
- Located in the pelvic cavity
- Has a transverse fold in ruminants
Liver (Hepat)
- Largest gland in the body, both endocrine and exocrine in function
- Surface: facies diaphragmatica (convex) and facies visceralis (related to stomach, duodenum, transverse colon, jejunum, and right kidney)
- Border: Margo dorsalis (round), Margo ventralis (sharp), Margo sinister (sharp), Margo dexter (sharp)
- Lobulation: right lobe, left lobe, quadrate lobe, and caudate lobe
- Ruminants have single right and left lobes, while carnivores have more lobulation
- Horse has no gallbladder and a quadrate lobe has been cut
- Impressions on the liver are from the colon
Colon Impressions on the Liver
- Colon descendens is the shortest part in carnivores
- Colon transversum passes from right to left between stomach and cranial mesenteric artery
- Colon descendens is the longest part and connects to the rectum
Equine's Colon
- Colon ascendens has four parts: colon ventral dextrum, colon ventral sinistrum, colon dorsale sinistrum, and colon dorsale dextrum
- Colon transversum is the shortest part, involved in the dorsal attachment of the right dorsal colon
- Colon descendens begins to the left of the root of the mesentery and has two taenia bands forming sacculation
Ruminant's Colon
- Colon ascendens has an ansa proximalis coli (proximal loop) and an ansa spiralis (spiral loop) with centripetal and centrifugal turns
- The last centrifugal turn is away from the coil to come close to the jejunum in small ruminants
Learn about the structure and functions of the small intestine, including the jejunum and ileum, and the large intestine.
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