Anatomy of the Respiratory System
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

  • To provide the body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide (correct)
  • To maintain homeostasis of blood pressure
  • To produce sound and speech
  • To regulate body temperature

Which part of the respiratory tract is responsible for producing sound?

  • Pharynx
  • Larynx (correct)
  • Bronchi
  • Trachea

What is the term for the space between the parietal and visceral pleura?

  • Pleural cavity (correct)
  • Alveolar space
  • Abdominal cavity
  • Thoracic cavity

What is the primary regulator of respiration?

<p>Carbon dioxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of gas exchange between the air we breathe and the blood?

<p>Internal exchange of gases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the fluid that prevents the alveoli from collapsing?

<p>Surfactant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the pressure within the lungs drops lower than atmospheric pressure?

<p>Air flows in (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of carbon monoxide on the body?

<p>Limits delivery of inspired oxygen to alveoli (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During inspiration, which muscle contracts to flatten and drop the thoracic cavity?

<p>Diaphragm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the direction of gas diffusion during gas exchange?

<p>Differences in pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal breathing rate for an adult?

<p>12-20 breaths/minute (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of oxyhemoglobin in the human body?

<p>To transport oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of hyperventilation?

<p>High oxygen levels and low carbon dioxide levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a decreased rate and depth of breathing?

<p>Hypopnea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During forced expiration, such as during singing or shouting, which muscles are used?

<p>Abdominal muscles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the difference in pH between venous and arterial blood on oxyhemoglobin?

<p>The bond between oxygen and hemoglobin is broken (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high altitude on the body?

<p>Limits delivery of inspired oxygen to alveoli (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of inadequate alveolar surface area?

<p>Reduced lung capacity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of carbon dioxide is dissolved in the plasma?

<p>10% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of PaO2 in arterial blood?

<p>75-100mmHg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of gas exchange in the lungs?

<p>Passive diffusion of gases down their pressure gradients (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to pulmonary vessels in an area with poor airflow?

<p>They constrict and redirect blood to better ventilated areas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the total amount of air that can be exhaled from the lungs after maximal inspiration?

<p>Vital capacity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one factor that can affect the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve?

<p>Anemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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