Anatomy of the Respiratory System
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

  • To provide the body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide (correct)
  • To maintain homeostasis of blood pressure
  • To produce sound and speech
  • To regulate body temperature
  • Which part of the respiratory tract is responsible for producing sound?

  • Pharynx
  • Larynx (correct)
  • Bronchi
  • Trachea
  • What is the term for the space between the parietal and visceral pleura?

  • Pleural cavity (correct)
  • Alveolar space
  • Abdominal cavity
  • Thoracic cavity
  • What is the primary regulator of respiration?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of gas exchange between the air we breathe and the blood?

    <p>Internal exchange of gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the fluid that prevents the alveoli from collapsing?

    <p>Surfactant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the pressure within the lungs drops lower than atmospheric pressure?

    <p>Air flows in</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of carbon monoxide on the body?

    <p>Limits delivery of inspired oxygen to alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During inspiration, which muscle contracts to flatten and drop the thoracic cavity?

    <p>Diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines the direction of gas diffusion during gas exchange?

    <p>Differences in pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal breathing rate for an adult?

    <p>12-20 breaths/minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of oxyhemoglobin in the human body?

    <p>To transport oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of hyperventilation?

    <p>High oxygen levels and low carbon dioxide levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a decreased rate and depth of breathing?

    <p>Hypopnea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During forced expiration, such as during singing or shouting, which muscles are used?

    <p>Abdominal muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the difference in pH between venous and arterial blood on oxyhemoglobin?

    <p>The bond between oxygen and hemoglobin is broken</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of high altitude on the body?

    <p>Limits delivery of inspired oxygen to alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of inadequate alveolar surface area?

    <p>Reduced lung capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of carbon dioxide is dissolved in the plasma?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range of PaO2 in arterial blood?

    <p>75-100mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of gas exchange in the lungs?

    <p>Passive diffusion of gases down their pressure gradients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to pulmonary vessels in an area with poor airflow?

    <p>They constrict and redirect blood to better ventilated areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the total amount of air that can be exhaled from the lungs after maximal inspiration?

    <p>Vital capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one factor that can affect the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve?

    <p>Anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

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