Anatomy of the Pelvic Region

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the hip bones in the pelvic region?

  • Supporting the head
  • Protecting the thoracic viscera
  • Transferring weight between lower limbs and trunk (correct)
  • Providing attachment for muscles of upper limbs

Which ligament runs from the sacrum to the ischial spine in the pelvis?

  • Anterior sacroiliac ligament
  • Sacrospinous ligament (correct)
  • Sacrotuberous ligament
  • Posterior sacroiliac ligament

Which structure allows passage of structures from the lesser pelvis to the gluteal and perineum regions?

  • Lesser sciatic foramen
  • Greater sciatic foramen (correct)
  • Ischial tuberosity
  • Pubic symphysis

What does Relaxin do in relation to pelvic ligaments during pregnancy?

<p>Loosens pelvic ligaments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the angle of the pubic arch in males?

<p>50° - 60° (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates the female and male bony pelvis according to sexual dimorphism?

<p>Female pelvis has a narrow, deep lesser pelvis; male pelvis has a wide, shallow lesser pelvis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve primarily innervates the levator ani?

<p>Pudendal nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the levator ani muscle?

<p>Supports the organs in the pelvis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure does the piriformis muscle form a thickening of?

<p>Obturator fascia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the perineal body?

<p>Convergence of several sphincter and perineal pouch muscles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure allows urogenital viscera to pass from the pelvic cavity to the perineum?

<p>Urogenital hiatus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of relaxing the levator ani muscle?

<p>Promotes urination and defecation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies the inferior bladder, prostate, seminal vesicles, cervix, and vagina?

<p>Middle rectal artery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery wraps around the sacrospinous ligament and supplies perineal structures?

<p>Obturator artery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which division of the internal iliac artery is discussed in more detail in future lectures?

<p>Posterior division (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery passes through the obturator canal to the medial thigh?

<p>Internal pudendal artery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of nerves provide motor and general sensation to the perineum and pelvic walls?

<p>Somatic nerves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies the superior bladder?

<p>Anterior division of the Internal Iliac Artery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve supplies the somatic innervation of the perineum?

<p>Pudendal nerve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the course of the pudendal nerve as it exits the pelvic cavity?

<p>Enters the greater sciatic foramen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which plexus provides autonomic innervation of the pelvis?

<p>Inferior hypogastric plexus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do some fibres from the pelvic splanchnic nerves pass to supply hindgut organs?

<p>Superior hypogastric plexus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles are supplied by the pudendal nerve?

<p>Muscles of anal and urogenital triangle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What sensation is supplied by the pudendal nerve?

<p>Sensation of external genitalia and skin of perineum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What region of the spinal cord do visceral afferent fibers from pelvic viscera in contact with peritoneum follow?

<p>T12-L2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve provides retroperitoneal parasympathetic fibers in the pelvis?

<p>Hypogastric nerve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which spinal cord regions do visceral afferent fibers from pelvic viscera not in contact with peritoneum follow?

<p>S2-S4 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the pelvic sub-plexuses located?

<p>Lateral to rectum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which autonomic nerve innervates the lower thoracic and upper lumbar spinal cord regions?

<p>Sacral splanchnic nerve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general rule regarding visceral afferent fibers above the pelvic pain line?

<p>They follow sympathetics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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