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Questions and Answers
What is the origin of the Pectoralis Minor muscle?
What is the function of the Clavipectoral Fascia?
What is the insertion of the Serratus Anterior muscle?
What is the nerve supply of the Pectoralis Major muscle?
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What is the action of the Subclavius muscle?
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Which of the following nerves supplies the Pectoralis Minor muscle?
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Which of the following structures is NOT a boundary of the Axilla?
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What is the action of the Serratus Anterior muscle?
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Which of the following muscles forms the anterior axillary fold?
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What is the name of the canal formed by the Clavicle, Scapula, and First rib?
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Which muscle is attached to the clavipectoral fascia?
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Which of the following muscles forms the anterior wall of the axilla?
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Which muscle forms the medial wall of the axilla?
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What is the relation between the subclavius muscle and the clavipectoral fascia?
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Which muscle is not a part of the anterior wall of the axilla?
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Study Notes
Pectoral Region
- Pectoralis major muscle:
- Origin: 2 heads (clavicular and sternocostal)
- Clavicular head: from medial ½ of the front of the clavicle
- Sternocostal head: from sternum, upper 6 costal cartilages, and aponeurosis of external oblique muscle
- Insertion: lateral lip of bicipital groove
- Nerve supply: medial and lateral pectoral nerves
- Action: adduction and medial rotation of the arm, clavicular head helps in flexion of the arm (shoulder)
- Pectoralis minor muscle:
- Origin: from 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs close to their costal cartilages
- Insertion: coracoid process
- Nerve supply: medial pectoral nerve
- Action: depression of the shoulder, draws the ribs upward and outward during deep inspiration
- Subclavius muscle:
- Origin: from 1st rib at its junction with the 1st costal cartilage
- Insertion: subclavian groove at the middle 1/3 of the inferior surface of the clavicle
- Nerve supply: nerve to subclavius from upper trunk of brachial plexus
- Action: fixes the clavicle during movement of the shoulder joint
- Serratus anterior muscle:
- Origin: upper eight ribs
- Insertion: anterior aspect of the medial border and inferior angle of the scapula
- Nerve supply: long thoracic nerve
- Action: draws the scapula forward (protrusion, in boxing), rotates the scapula outward in raising the arm above 90 degrees
Axilla
- Definition: a pyramid-shaped space between the upper part of the arm and the side of the chest
- Boundaries:
- Apex: directed upwards into the root of the neck, bounded by 3 bones (clavicle, upper border of the scapula, and outer border of the first rib)
- Base: formed by skin stretching between the anterior and posterior walls
- Walls: anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral
- Contents:
- Axillary artery and its branches
- Axillary vein and its tributaries
- Axillary lymph nodes
- Brachial plexus cords and branches
- Axillary fat
- Loose connective tissue
Brachial Plexus
- Definition: a network of nerves that present at the root of the neck to enter the upper limb
- Location: posterior triangle of the neck and axilla
- Formation: union of the anterior Rami of the C 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th and the 1st thoracic spinal nerve
- Stages:
- Roots: in the posterior triangle
- Trunks: in the posterior triangle
- Divisions: behind the clavicle (in cervico-axillary canal)
- Cords: in the axilla
- Branches: in the axilla
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Description
This quiz covers the muscles of the pectoral region, including pectoralis major and minor, and the boundaries and contents of the axilla. Students will be able to identify and describe these muscles and their origins.
