Anatomy of the Neck

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Questions and Answers

Which muscle helps in depression of the mandible?

Deltoid muscle

Scalene muscle

Sternocleiodomastoid muscle

Platysma muscle (correct)

What is the origin of the sternocleiodomastoid muscle?

Manubrium of the sternum

Inferior border of the mandible

Mastoid process of the temporal bone and nuchal line of the occipital bone (correct)

Nuchal line of the occipital bone

Which nerve supplies the platysma muscle?

Cervical plexus

CN VII (correct)

CN XI

Phrenic nerve

What is the function of the sternocleiodomastoid muscle when it acts alone?

It turns the face superiorly towards the opposite side Signup and view all the answers

How many groups are the muscles of the neck divided into?

Three Signup and view all the answers

What is the insertion of the platysma muscle?

Fascia and skin over the great pectoral and deltoid muscles Signup and view all the answers

Which group of neck muscles includes the omotracheal triangle?

The anterior group Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the superficial cervical fascia in the neck?

To provide a layer of protection for the underlying muscles Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of the anterior cervical region?

Posterior triangle of the neck Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the triangle that includes the omotracheal triangle and the carotid triangle?

Anterior cervical triangle Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a part of the deep cervical fascia?

Fasciae and tissue spaces Signup and view all the answers

How many major groups of muscles are in the neck?

3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the common function of the scalenus anterior, scalenus medius, and scalenus posterior muscles?

Elevation of the first and second ribs and flexion of the neck laterally Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following vertebrae is NOT an origin of the scalenus anterior muscle?

C5 Signup and view all the answers

What is the common innervation of the scalenus anterior, scalenus medius, and scalenus posterior muscles?

Ventral rami of the cervical nerves Signup and view all the answers

What is the insertion of the scalenus posterior muscle?

External surface of the second rib Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the scalenus anterior muscle in breathing?

Inhalation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tissue spaces of the neck lies between the investing layer of the deep cervical fascia and the pretracheal fascia?

Anterior tissue space Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Regions of the Neck

The neck is divided into regions: anterior cervical region (or anterior cervical triangle), submandibular triangle, carotid triangle, muscular triangle (or omotracheal triangle), submental triangle, and lateral cervical region

Fascia of the Neck

The neck has superficial and deep cervical fascia
The deep cervical fascia condenses to form the carotid sheath, which encloses the internal jugular vein, common and internal carotid artery, and vagus nerve

Muscles of the Neck

The 16 muscles of the neck are divided into anterior, middle, and posterior groups
Anterior group:
- Platysma muscle: originates from the inferior border of the mandible, fascia, and skin of the face; inserts into the fascia and skin over the great pectoral and deltoid muscles; functions to tense the skin of the neck and assist in depressing the mandible
- Sternocleidomastoid muscle: originates from the mastoid process of the temporal bone and nuchal line of the occipital bone; inserts into the manubrium of the sternum; functions to turn the face superiorly towards the opposite side and flex the neck

Middle Group Muscles

Scalenus anterior: originates from the transverse processes of the C3 and C6 vertebrae; inserts into the tubercle on the superior surface of the first rib; functions to elevate the first rib, flex the neck laterally, and play a role in breathing
Scalenus medius: originates from the transverse processes of the C2 and C7 vertebrae; inserts into the superior surface of the first rib; functions to elevate the first rib and flex the neck laterally
Scalenus posterior: originates from the transverse processes of the C2 and C7 vertebrae; inserts into the external surface of the second rib; functions to elevate the second rib and flex the neck laterally

Fasciae and Tissue Spaces of the Neck

Divided into three compartments: anterior, middle, and posterior tissue spaces
Anterior tissue space lies between the investing layer of the deep cervical fascia and the pretracheal fascia
Middle tissue space is a visceral compartment between the pretracheal and prevertebral fascia

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Description

Test your knowledge of the neck's anatomical structure, including muscles, plexuses, and fascia. Learn about the cervical plexus, carotid sheath, and retropharyngeal space.