Male Reproductive System Questions

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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason the testes are located outside the body cavity?

To protect against infections

To enhance blood flow to the testis

To protect sperm from immune attack

To maintain a temperature lower than body temperature for sperm development (correct)

To increase testosterone production

What type of gland are the testes classified as when producing testosterone?

Sebaceous gland

Mixed gland

Sudoriferous gland

Exocrine gland

Endocrine gland (correct)

Which structure in the testes is the site of spermatogenesis?

Seminiferous tubules (correct)

Tunica albuginea

Vas deferens

Epididymis

Rete testis

What is the function of Leydig (interstitial) cells?

Produce testosterone in response to LH Signup and view all the answers

Which structure provides a protective covering and divides the testes into lobules?

Tunica albuginea Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the dartos muscle?

Wrinkle the scrotal skin to reduce heat loss Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle elevates the testes in cold temperatures to regulate sperm development?

Cremaster muscle Signup and view all the answers

Where does sperm maturation occur?

Epididymis Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the efferent ductules?

Transport sperm from the rete testis to the epididymis Signup and view all the answers

Which segment of the urethra passes through the urogenital diaphragm?

Membranous urethra Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the seminal vesicles?

Secrete fluid rich in fructose and fibrinogen Signup and view all the answers

Which gland contributes 25-30% of semen volume and contains prostate-specific antigen?

Prostate gland Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the bulbourethral (Cowper's) glands?

Secrete a clear mucus-like fluid to lubricate the urethra Signup and view all the answers

Where does spermatogenesis occur?

Seminiferous tubules Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of spermatogenesis involves haploid secondary spermatocytes?

Secondary spermatocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of spermiogenesis?

Differentiation of spermatids into mature sperm Signup and view all the answers

What is the ploidy of mature sperm cells?

Haploid (n) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the sperm contains enzymes needed to penetrate an egg?

Acrosome Signup and view all the answers

Which gland produces the majority of seminal fluid?

Seminal vesicles Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary energy source for sperm found in seminal fluid?

Fructose Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the release of testosterone in the testes?

Luteinizing hormone (LH) Signup and view all the answers

What hormone stimulates sperm formation?

FSH Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is primarily responsible for male secondary sexual characteristics?

Testosterone Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common effect of aging on the male reproductive system?

Decrease in the size of the testes Signup and view all the answers

What condition involves an enlarged prostate gland that affects urination?

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is secreted by the placenta during fetal development to stimulate testosterone production in male fetuses?

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during puberty to initiate male reproductive function?

GnRH secretion increases, stimulating FSH and LH release Signup and view all the answers

What effect does elevated FSH have on the male reproductive system?

Stimulates spermatogenesis in the seminiferous tubules Signup and view all the answers

Which cells produce testosterone in response to luteinizing hormone (LH)?

Leydig cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of GnRH in the male reproductive system?

Stimulates the anterior pituitary to release LH and FSH Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of spermatogenesis?

Produce haploid gametes for fertilization Signup and view all the answers

During spermatogenesis, which cells divide by mitosis to produce primary spermatocytes?

Spermatogonia Signup and view all the answers

What happens to spermatids during spermiogenesis?

They develop acrosomes, flagella, and lose excess cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of spermatogenesis produces haploid secondary spermatocytes?

First meiotic division (meiosis I) Signup and view all the answers

Which structure stores sperm until ejaculation?

Epididymis Signup and view all the answers

What structure connects the vas deferens to the prostatic urethra?

Ejaculatory duct Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the spongy (penile) urethra?

Transport urine and semen to the external urethral orifice Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the epididymis connects directly to the vas deferens?

Tail Signup and view all the answers

Which gland produces fluid that neutralizes acidic urine in the urethra?

Bulbourethral glands Signup and view all the answers

Which gland secretes a fluid rich in fructose to provide energy for sperm?

Seminal vesicles Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of fibrinolysin in semen?

Liquefy semen after ejaculation to allow sperm to swim Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical pH range of seminal fluid?

Alkaline (7.2-8.0) Signup and view all the answers

What triggers emission during ejaculation?

Sympathetic signals Signup and view all the answers

Which sphincter contracts to prevent semen and urine from mixing during ejaculation?

Internal urethral sphincter Signup and view all the answers

What causes rhythmic contractions during ejaculation?

Reflex activation of skeletal muscles at the base of the penis Signup and view all the answers

What effect does aging typically have on the prostate gland?

Thickening of the epithelial lining Signup and view all the answers

What is a common reproductive issue in aging males?

Decreased rate of sperm production Signup and view all the answers

What condition often causes difficulty in urination for older men?

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the sperm contains mitochondria to provide energy for motility?

Midpiece Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the acrosome in sperm?

Contain enzymes to penetrate the oocyte Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Section I: Anatomy and Functions of the Male Reproductive System

Testes location: Located outside the body cavity to maintain a temperature lower than body temperature for sperm development. This protects sperm from immune attack.
Testes classification: Classified as endocrine glands when producing testosterone.
Spermatogenesis site: Seminiferous tubules are the site of spermatogenesis in the testes.
Leydig cell function: Leydig cells produce testosterone in response to LH.
Tunica albuginea function: Provides a protective covering and divides the testes into lobules.

Section II: Scrotal Muscles and Temperature Regulation

Dartos muscle role: Wrinkles the scrotal skin to reduce heat loss.
Cremaster muscle function: Elevates the testes in cold temperatures to regulate sperm development.

Section III: Duct System of the Male Reproductive System

Sperm maturation location: Epididymis.
Efferent ductules role: Transport sperm from the rete testis to the epididymis.
Ejaculatory duct role: Connects the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct.

Section IV: Accessory Glands

Seminal vesicles function: Produce fluid rich in fructose which is the primary energy source for sperm.
Prostate gland function: Contribute 25-30% of semen volume, containing prostate-specific antigen.
Bulbourethral (Cowper's) glands function: Secrete a clear mucus-like fluid to lubricate the urethra.

Section V: Spermatogenesis and Spermiogenesis

Spermatogenesis location: Seminiferous tubules.
Spermiogenesis purpose: Differentiate spermatids into mature sperm.
Mature sperm ploidy: Haploid (n).

Section VI: Composition of Semen

Seminal fluid majority producer: Seminal vesicles.

Section VII: Hormonal Control of Male Reproductive System

Testosterone trigger: Luteinizing hormone (LH).
Sperm formation stimulus: Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
Male secondary sex characteristics hormone: Testosterone.

Section VIII: Aging and the Male Reproductive System

Aging effect on reproductive system (example): Decrease in the size of the testes.

Section IX: Hormonal Control (Continued)

Placental hormone for testosterone stimulation: Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
Puberty hormone initiating male reproduction: Increased GnRH secretion causes an increase in FSH and LH release which thus initiates male reproductive function.

Section X: Spermatogenesis and Spermiogenesis (Continued)

Spermatogenesis purpose: Produce haploid gametes for fertilization.
Spermatid change during spermiogenesis: Develop acrosomes, flagella, and lose excess cytoplasm.
Secondary spermatocyte formation stage: First meiotic division(meiosis I).

Section XI: Anatomy of the Duct System (Continued)

Sperm storage structure: Epididymis.
Vas deferens connection: ejaculatory duct joins vas deferens with the prostatic urethra.
Function of spongy (penile) urethra: Transport urine and semen to the external urethral orifice.

Section XII: Semen and Accessory Glands (Continued)

Prostate gland function (in semen): Fluid that neutralizes acidic urine in the urethra.
Fructose-rich fluid producer: Seminal vesicles.

Section XIII: Male Sexual Response and Ejaculation

Emission trigger: Sympathetic signals.
Urinary and semen mixing prevention: Internal urethral sphincter.

Section XIV: Effects of Aging on Male Reproductive System

Prostate gland aging effect: Thickening of the epithelial lining.

Section XV: Miscellaneous

Mitochondria location in sperm: Midpiece.
Acrosome function: Contains enzymes to penetrate the oocyte.

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Description

This quiz covers the anatomy and functions of the male reproductive system, focusing on the testes, scrotal muscles, and duct system. Learn about spermatogenesis, hormonal functions, and temperature regulation essential for sperm health.