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Questions and Answers
Which type of cells line the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) in the renal tubule?
Which type of cells line the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) in the renal tubule?
What is the primary function of granule (jg) cells in the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
What is the primary function of granule (jg) cells in the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
Which structure within the kidney contains macula densa cells that act as chemoreceptors?
Which structure within the kidney contains macula densa cells that act as chemoreceptors?
Which part of the loop of Henle is lined with simple squamous epithelial cells?
Which part of the loop of Henle is lined with simple squamous epithelial cells?
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In the renin-angiotensin mechanism, which hormone is responsible for increasing sodium reabsorption?
In the renin-angiotensin mechanism, which hormone is responsible for increasing sodium reabsorption?
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Which cells are found in the last part of the distal convoluted tubule and all of the collecting duct?
Which cells are found in the last part of the distal convoluted tubule and all of the collecting duct?
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What triggers the secretion of renin by the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
What triggers the secretion of renin by the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
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Study Notes
Location and Structure of Adrenal Glands and Kidneys
- Adrenal glands are located superior to each kidney
- Each kidney is protected by three concentric layers of connective tissue: renal capsule, adipose capsule, and renal fascia
Functions of the Urinary System
- Excretion: removal of organic wastes from body fluids
- Elimination: discharge of waste products, including nitrogenous wastes, toxins, and drugs
- Homeostatic regulation: maintenance of water balance, electrolytes, acid-base balance in the blood, blood pressure, and red blood cell production, as well as activation of vitamin D
Gross Anatomy of the Urinary System
Kidneys
- Organs that excrete urine
Urinary Tract
- Organs that eliminate urine:
- Ureters (paired tubes)
- Urinary bladder (muscular sac)
- Urethra (exit tube)
Other Organs and Structures
- Hepatic veins
- Inferior vena cava
- Adrenal glands
- Renal artery
- Renal hilus
- Renal vein
- Aorta
- Iliac crest
- Rectum
- Uterus (part of female reproductive system)
- Urinary bladder
- Urethra
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Description
Learn about the location and structure of the kidneys, including the adrenal glands and the protective layers of connective tissue. Test your knowledge of the renal capsule, adipose capsule, and renal fascia.
