39 Urology ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
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Questions and Answers

What is the most common type of kidney stone?

  • Struvite stones
  • Calcium oxalate stones (correct)
  • Uric acid stones
  • Cysteine stones

Which of the following stones is associated with infections that are urease producing and can cause staghorn calculi?

  • Uric acid stones
  • Calcium oxalate stones
  • Struvite stones (correct)
  • Cysteine stones

Which structure connects to the vas deferens?

  • Seminal vesicles
  • Epididymis (correct)
  • Pampiniform plexus
  • Testicular artery

Which sympathetic response is responsible for ejaculation?

<p>Hypotension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of acute renal insufficiency following surgery?

<p>Hypovolemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cancer is the #1 cancer killer in men aged 25-35?

<p>Testicular cancer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition is ESWL (extra-corporeal shock wave lithotripsy) not used as a treatment for kidney stones?

<p>Bleeding diathesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What symptom is commonly associated with kidney stones?

<p>Severe, colicky, flank (back) pain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can abdominal CT demonstrate kidney stones?

<p>In kidneys and associated hydronephrosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for surgery in cases of kidney stones?

<p>Progressive obstruction or renal damage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor type is most likely to metastasize to the retroperitoneum?

<p>Teratoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common location for RCC metastases?

<p>Lung (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary tumor of the kidney?

<p>RCC (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard reconstruction option after cystectomy for bladder cancer?

<p>Ileal conduit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor marker is elevated in 90% of Transitional cell carcinoma of renal pelvis?

<p>Erythropoietin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common site of metastases in prostate cancer?

<p>Bone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which classic symptoms are associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?

<p>Nocturia, frequency, and weak stream (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common tumor type in the kidney that can metastasize from breast cancer?

<p>RCC (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical procedure should be considered only for patients who would require dialysis after nephrectomy?

<p>Partial nephrectomy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary risk factor for renal cell carcinoma (RCC)?

<p>Smoking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical procedure is performed for ureteral trauma to avoid stenosis?

<p>Stent placement and end-to-end repair (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common reconstruction option after TURP for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?

<p>Ileal conduit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for incomplete emptying due to nerve injury above T12?

<p>Surgery to improve bladder resistance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common urinary tract abnormality that may require reimplantation if obstruction occurs?

<p>Ureteral duplication (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with ventral urethral opening and is typically repaired at 6 months using penile skin?

<p>Hypospadias (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of pneumaturia?

<p>Diverticulitis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be used to check for urine leak during a surgical procedure?

<p>Indigo carmine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for sterile epididymitis that can occur from increased abdominal straining?

<p>Antibiotics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may need to be created in the corpus cavernosum with a scalpel in the treatment of priapism lasting more than 4 hours?

<p>A communication through the glans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided in the treatment of acute bacterial prostatitis to prevent sepsis?

<p>Prostate massage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could be a cause of varicocele other than renal tumor obstruction?

<p>Inguinal hernia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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