Anatomy of the Interosseus Arteries and Nerves

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary direction of travel for the superficial branch of the radial nerve in the forearm?

Distally towards the pronator quadratus

Proximally towards the brachial artery

Laterally towards the anatomical snuff box (correct)

Medially towards the cubital fossa

Which nerve is responsible for the motor function of the flexor digitorum profundus?

Radial nerve

Median nerve (correct)

Anterior interosseus nerve

Posterior interosseus nerve

What is the boundary of the cubital fossa lateral to the brachial artery?

Radial nerve (correct)

Brachialis muscle

Median nerve

Extensor compartment

Which nerve is most susceptible to compression in the region of the pronator teres?

Median nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'Ok' sign test in nerve function assessment?

To assess anterior interosseus nerve function Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical course of the deep branch of the radial nerve?

It becomes the posterior interosseus nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the anterior interosseus nerve?

Motor function to flexor pollicis longus Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the anatomical snuff box in nerve anatomy?

It is the location of the superficial branch of the radial nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which artery runs with the posterior interosseus nerve?

Posterior interosseus artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the branch of the median nerve that runs with the anterior interosseus artery?

Anterior interosseus nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the vein that runs on the medial side of the forearm?

Basilic vein Signup and view all the answers

What is the boundary between the arm and forearm?

Cubital fossa Signup and view all the answers

What is the site of nerve compression of the deep branch of the radial nerve?

Arcade of Frohse Signup and view all the answers

What is the myotome responsible for elbow flexion?

C5 and C6 Signup and view all the answers

Which artery gives off the radial recurrent artery just below the elbow?

Radial artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the vein that is frequently used to pass a catheter?

Median cubital vein Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary location of the radial artery in the forearm?

Lateral to the flexor carpi radialis Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of compartment syndrome in the forearm?

Limb-threatening emergency Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the ulnar artery and the ulnar nerve in the forearm?

The ulnar artery runs with the ulnar nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the common signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome in the forearm?

Pain out of proportion to exam findings, pallor, paresthesias, pulselessness, and paralysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the surgical procedure of choice to relieve compartment syndrome in the forearm?

Fasciotomy Signup and view all the answers

What is the branch of the ulnar artery that divides into anterior and posterior interosseus arteries?

Common interosseus artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the cubital fossa in the forearm?

Lateral to the brachial artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the fasciotomy procedure in compartment syndrome?

To release the tension created by the swelling Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Arteries of the Forearm

The posterior interosseus artery travels over the interosseous membrane and runs with the posterior interosseus nerve, a branch of the radial nerve.
The anterior interosseus artery runs in front of the interosseous membrane with the anterior interosseus nerve, a branch of the median nerve.
The radial artery travels from the cubital fossa down to the wrist between the brachioradialis and flexor carpi radialis tendons, where its pulse can be felt.

Cubital Fossa

Forms the boundary between the arm and forearm.
Also known as the antecubital fossa because it lies in front of the elbow.
Triangular in shape with 3 borders, a roof, and a floor, with the apex inferiorly.

Nerves of the Forearm

The radial nerve enters the forearm in the lateral region of the cubital fossa and splits into superficial and deep branches.
The deep branch becomes the posterior interosseus nerve, while the superficial branch travels down towards the anatomical snuff box.
The median nerve enters the cubital fossa medial to the brachial artery and then travels between the two heads of the pronator teres.

Neurological Examination

Dr. Sumyra checked the C6 deep tendon reflex of the brachioradialis on the left side.
The myotome responsible for elbow flexion is C5 and C6, while for elbow extension is C6 and C7.
The arcade of Frohse is a likely site of nerve compression of the deep branch of the radial nerve.

Venous System of the Forearm

The venous system comprises superficial and deep veins.
The deep veins form a plexus that runs with the arteries.
The major superficial veins include the basilic vein, cephalic vein, and median vein.

Compartment Syndrome

A limb-threatening emergency that occurs when swelling of the area compresses the vessels and nerves in the region.
The most common cause is fractures of the bones of the forearm.
Signs and symptoms include pain out of proportion to exam findings, pallor, paresthesias, pulselessness, and paralysis (5Ps).
The procedure of choice to relieve compartment syndrome is a fasciotomy.

Treatment and Management

Dr. Azam designed a holistic treatment plan incorporating physical therapy, medications, and possible interventions, addressing not only the fracture but also the future strength of muscles, blood flow, and nerve health.

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Description

Quiz about the posterior interosseus artery, anterior interosseus artery, and associated nerves in the arm.