Anatomy of the Elbow and Shoulder Joints

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What forms the humeroulnar articulation?

The capitulum of the humerus and the olecranon of the ulna

The convex head of the humerus and the concave capitulum of the radius

The radial head and the radial fossa of the humerus

The grooved trochlea of the humerus and the trochlear notch of the ulna (correct)

Which ligament is positioned medially in the elbow joint?

Radial collateral ligament

Ulnar collateral ligament (correct)

Transverse ligament

Annular ligament

How does the fibrous capsule contribute to the stability of the elbow joint?

It is the primary weight-bearing structure for the joint

It is thin and weak overall, providing minimal support

It is lined with cartilage to reduce friction

It is reinforced by collateral ligaments at the sides (correct)

What type of membrane lines the fibrous capsule of the elbow joint?

Synovial membrane Signup and view all the answers

Which component does NOT directly contribute to the stability of the elbow joint?

Articular cartilage Signup and view all the answers

What common injury is associated with the supraspinatus muscle?

Tearing due to avascularity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is primarily responsible for shoulder abduction?

Supraspinatus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the rotator cuff muscles?

To stabilize the shoulder joint Signup and view all the answers

During which movement is the anterior deltoid most active?

Flexion Signup and view all the answers

Which axis does shoulder abduction occur around?

Anteroposterior axis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary muscle responsible for medial rotation of the shoulder?

Subscapularis Signup and view all the answers

Which movement is defined as a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction?

Circumduction Signup and view all the answers

What role do the ligaments play in shoulder joint stability?

They support joint stability Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is primarily responsible for flexion at the elbow joint?

Biceps brachii Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary blood supply to the elbow joint?

Anastomoses around the elbow joint Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is primarily responsible for the innervation of the elbow joint?

Musculocutaneous nerve Signup and view all the answers

What commonly happens when one falls on the hand in relation to the elbow joint?

Posterior dislocation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ligaments is frequently torn during a dislocation of the elbow joint?

Ulnar collateral ligament Signup and view all the answers

Which artery is a branch of the thyrocervical trunk that supplies blood to the shoulder joint?

Suprascapular artery Signup and view all the answers

What primarily contributes to the common occurrence of anterior dislocation of the shoulder joint?

Inadequate support from the infraglenoid tubercle Signup and view all the answers

What condition is likely to occur due to anterior dislocation of the shoulder joint?

Injury to the axillary nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical carrying angle when the forearm is fully extended and supinated in males?

170 degrees Signup and view all the answers

Which type of joint is the elbow classified as?

Uniaxial hinge joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the glenoid labrum in the shoulder joint?

To deepen the glenoid cavity and enhance articulation Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament is primarily responsible for stabilizing the anterior aspect of the shoulder joint?

Glenohumeral ligament Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the fibrous joint capsule in the shoulder joint?

It allows for great mobility of the joint Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is NOT part of the rotator cuff group?

Biceps brachii Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the shoulder joint's flexibility is correct?

It is one of the most flexible joints in the body. Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint is the wrist joint considered?

Ellipsoidal joint Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ligaments is NOT associated with the wrist joint?

Anterior cruciate ligament Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is primarily responsible for wrist extension?

Extensor carpi radialis longus Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical feature separates the joint cavity of the wrist from that of the distal radio-ulnar joint?

Triangular articular disc Signup and view all the answers

Which action is performed by the simultaneous contraction of flexor carpi ulnaris and extensor carpi ulnaris?

Wrist adduction (ulnar deviation) Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament provides support on the ulnar side of the wrist joint?

Ulnar collateral Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary agonist muscle involved in wrist flexion?

Flexor carpi radialis Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fracture is characterized by a dinner fork deformity?

Colle's fracture Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle group is responsible for radial deviation of the wrist?

Flexor carpi radialis and extensors carpi radiales Signup and view all the answers

Which structure provides vascular supply to the wrist joint?

Palmar carpal arches Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Stability of the Shoulder Joint

Stability of the shoulder joint is ensured by the following factors:
- Fibrous capsule of the joint
- The ligaments of the joint
- Rotator cuff muscles
Rotator cuff muscles include: teres minor, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus

Movement of the Shoulder Joint

Flexion and extension – around a transverse axis
Abduction and adduction – around an anteroposterior axis
Medial and lateral rotation – around a vertical axis
Circumduction – a combination of the above movements

Muscles Associated with Shoulder Joint Movements

Flexion - Clavicular fibres of pectoralis major, anterior fibres of deltoid, biceps brachii and coracobrachialis
Extension - Posterior fibres of deltoid, latissimus dorsi and teres major (assisted by sternoccostal fibres of pectoralis major and long head of triceps brachii [especially when acting from the flexed position of the joint])
Abduction - Supraspinatus and middle fibres of deltoid
Adduction - Teres major, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, subscapularis, infraspinatus and teres minor
Lateral rotation - Infraspinatus, teres minor and posterior fibres of deltoid
Medial rotation - Subscapularis, latissimus dorsi, teres major, anterior fibres of deltoid and pectoralis major

Additional Points

Forceful, repetitive movements of the shoulder joint, as in swimming, baseball, etc. can involve tearing of the supraspinatus.
This can produce pain during shoulder movements, especially when initiating abduction.
Dislocations of the shoulder joint are relatively common, due to instability in the glenohumeral joint.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on the anatomy and stability of the elbow and shoulder joints. This quiz covers key concepts such as ligaments, muscles, and movements associated with these joints. Perfect for students studying human anatomy or related fields.