Ear anatomy
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Questions and Answers

It is composed of auricle and external acoustic meatus

Outer ear

what most people call the “ear”—the shell-shaped structure surrounding the auditory canal opening

Auricle or the pinna

which secrete waxy yellow cerumen, or earwax, which provides a sticky trap for foreign bodies and repels insects

Ceruminous glands

Our hearing apparatus allows us to hear an extraordinary range of sound, and our highly sensitive equilibrium receptors keep our nervous system continually up to date on the position and movements of the head.

<p>Mechanoreceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

The canal ends at the eardrum, which separates the external from the middle ear

<p>Tympanic membrane (eardrum)</p> Signup and view all the answers

is a small, air-filled, mucosa-lined cavity within the temporal bone

<p>Middle ear cavity or the tympanic cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

runs obliquely downward to link the middle ear cavity with the throat, and the mucosae lining the two regions are continuous.

<p>pharyngotympanic tube, or auditory tube,</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inflammation of the middle ear, is a fairly common result of a sore throat, especially in children, whose pharyngotympanic tubes run more horizontally.

<p>Otitis media</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three smallest bone in the body

<p>hammer or malleus, anvil or incus, stirrup or stapes</p> Signup and view all the answers

which transmit the vibratory motion of the eardrum to the fluids of the inner ear

<p>Ossicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three subdivisions of the bony labyrinth

<p>Semicircular canals, cochlea and vestibule</p> Signup and view all the answers

The bony labyrinth is filled with a plasmalike fluid called

<p>Perilymph</p> Signup and view all the answers

The membranous labyrinth itself contains a thicker fluid called

<p>Endolymph</p> Signup and view all the answers

The bony labyrinth is filled with a plasmalike fuid called_____?

<p>Perylimph</p> Signup and view all the answers

The equilibrium receptors of the inner ear, collectively called the_____?

<p>Vestibular apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

The vestibular apparatus can be divided into two Chambers what are these?

<p>The static equilibrium and dynamic equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

tiny stones made of calcium salts.

<p>Otoliths</p> Signup and view all the answers

receptors, found in the semicircular canals, respond to angular or rotational movements of the head rather than to straight-line movements.

<p>Dynamic equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

is defined as hearing loss of any degree—from a slight loss to a total inability to hear sound.

<p>Deafness</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of deafness

<p>Conduction deafness and sensorineural</p> Signup and view all the answers

results when something interferes with the conduction of sound vibrations to the fluids of the inner ear. Something as simple as a buildup of earwax may be the cause

<p>Conduction deafness</p> Signup and view all the answers

A ruptured eardrum

<p>Otosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inflammation in the middle ear

<p>Otitis media</p> Signup and view all the answers

occurs when there is degeneration or damage to the receptor cells in the spiral organ of Corti, to the cochlear nerve, or to neurons of the auditory cortex.

<p>Sensorineural deafness</p> Signup and view all the answers

A serious pathology of the inner ear is___? The exact cause of this condition is not fully known, but suspected causes are arteriosclerosis, degeneration of cranial nerve VIII, and increased pressure of the inner ear fluids.

<p>Meniere's syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

The receptors for taste and olfaction are classified as?

<p>Chemoreceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

The dorsal tongue surface is covered with mall peglike projections?

<p>Papillae</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the receptor for the sense of taste?

<p>Taste buds</p> Signup and view all the answers

respond to hydrogen ions (H+), or the acidity of the solution;

<p>Sour</p> Signup and view all the answers

receptors to metal ions in solution.

<p>Salty</p> Signup and view all the answers

receptors to alkaloids;

<p>Bitter</p> Signup and view all the answers

a taste discovered by the Japanese, is elicited by the amino acid glutamate, which appears to be responsible for the “beef taste” of steak and the flavor of monosodium glutamate, a food additive.

<p>Umami</p> Signup and view all the answers

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