26 Questions
Which artery supplies the part of the duodenum above the major duodenal papilla?
Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
Which vein does the duodenum drain into?
Splenic vein
Which part of the duodenum receives the bile duct?
Second part
Which part of the duodenum is closely related posteriorly to the gastroduodenal artery?
First part
Which part of the duodenum is attached to the diaphragm by the suspensory ligament?
Fourth part
Which nerve supply is responsible for the sympathetic innervation of the duodenum?
T9 and T10
Which artery supplies the part of the duodenum below the major duodenal papilla?
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
Which part of the duodenum has the superior mesenteric artery as an important anterior relation?
Third part
Which lymph nodes drain the duodenum?
Pancreaticoduodenal nodes, hepatic nodes, and celiac nodes
Which nerve supply is responsible for the parasympathetic innervation of the duodenum?
Vagus nerve
Where does bile and pancreatic secretions enter the descending duodenum?
Major duodenal papilla
Which structure suspends and supports the duodenojejunal flexure?
Suspensory muscle of the duodenum
Where does the third part of the duodenum travel laterally to?
Left
What aids in widening the angle of the duodenojejunal flexure?
Suspensory muscle contraction
Where is the fourth part of the duodenum located in relation to the pancreas?
Inferiorly
Which structure crosses over both the inferior vena cava and aorta?
Duodenum
At what vertebral level does the ascending part of the duodenum join the jejunum?
(L3) - (L2)
From where does the suspensory muscle of the duodenum originate?
Diaphragm
What is the Latin origin of the name 'duodenum'?
Twelve fingers length
Which part of the small intestine is most proximal?
Duodenum
Which ligament connects the duodenum to the liver?
Hepatoduodenal ligament
In which part of the duodenum is the most common site of ulceration?
First part (superior)
Where does the descending portion of the duodenum curve around?
Head of the pancreas
Which part of the duodenum is retroperitoneal?
First part (superior)
Where does the duodenum start and end anatomically?
Pylorus to duodenojejunal junction
What shape do the four parts of the duodenum form?
'C' shape
Study Notes
Duodenum Relations
- Anterior relation of the 4th part of the duodenum is the small intestine
- Posterior relation of the 4th part of the duodenum is the left psoas major
Arterial Supply
- Above the opening of the major duodenal papilla, the duodenum is supplied by the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
- Below the opening of the major duodenal papilla, the duodenum is supplied by the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
- The superior pancreaticoduodenal artery arises from the gastroduodenal artery
- The inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery arises from the superior mesenteric artery
Venous Drainage
- The veins of the duodenum drain into the splenic vein, superior mesenteric vein, and portal vein
Lymphatic Drainage
- The duodenum drains into the pancreaticoduodenal nodes, hepatic nodes, coeliac nodes, and cisterna chyli
Nerve Supply
- The duodenum is supplied by sympathetic nerves from T9 and T10
- The duodenum is supplied by parasympathetic nerves from the vagus
Parts of the Duodenum
- The first part of the duodenum is 2 inches long and intraperitoneal
- The first part of the duodenum is closely related to the gastroduodenal artery posteriorly
- The second part of the duodenum receives the bile duct in the ampulla of Vater
- The third part of the duodenum has a very important anterior relation with the superior mesenteric artery
- The fourth part of the duodenum is attached to the diaphragm by the suspensory ligament
Third Part of the Duodenum
- The third part of the duodenum travels laterally to the left, crossing over the inferior vena cava and aorta
- The third part of the duodenum is located inferiorly to the pancreas and posteriorly to the superior mesenteric artery and vein
Fourth Part of the Duodenum
- The fourth part of the duodenum ascends and curves anteriorly to join the jejunum at the duodenojejunal flexure
- The duodenojejunal junction is supported by the suspensory muscle of the duodenum or ligament of Treitz
- The suspensory muscle of the duodenum arises from the right crus of the diaphragm and attaches to the posterior surface of the duodenojejunal flexure and the third and fourth parts of the duodenum
General Features
- The duodenum is a fixed part of the small intestine, covered only anteriorly
- The duodenum is 25cm long and forms a ‘C’ shape around the head of the pancreas
- The duodenum can be divided into four parts: first part (superior), second part (descending), third part (inferior), and fourth part (ascending)
This quiz covers the anatomy of the duodenum small intestine, including its structure and divisions. Learn about the proximal portion of the small intestine, its length, and the parts that make up the duodenum.
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