Lecture 5 - Brain A+P2
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Questions and Answers

Which part of the brain stem is located directly anterior to the foramen magnum?

  • Midbrain
  • Diencephalon
  • Pons
  • Medulla oblongata (correct)

    • What is the function of the pia mater?

  • It is a CSF-filled space
  • It protects the brain from mechanical injury
  • It provides a layer of insulation for the brain
  • It adheres tightly to the surface of the brain (correct)

    • Which part of the brain is responsible for supporting the diencephalon?

  • Cerebellum
  • Cerebrum
  • Brain stem (correct)
  • Thalamus

    • What is the characteristic of the surface of the cerebrum?

    <p>It has many folds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is located in the posterior cranial fossa?

    <p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outermost layer of the meninges?

    <p>Dura mater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in mechanical protection?

    <p>To absorb shocks and bumps to the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the site of CSF production?

    <p>Choroid plexus in the ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of unequal CSF production and reabsorption?

    <p>Hydrocephalus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ventricle is a mid-line, slit-like structure within the diencephalon?

    <p>Third ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle?

    <p>Temporal lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the arachnoid villi?

    <p>CSF reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is divided into equal right and left hemispheres by the longitudinal fissure?

    <p>Cerebrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure that connects the lateral ventricle to the third ventricle?

    <p>Interventricular foramen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the 'seat of intelligence' in the brain?

    <p>Cerebrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the falx cerebri?

    <p>Attached to the crista galli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of arachnoid villi?

    <p>To allow CSF into the bloodstream through one-way valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the body's blood supply does the brain receive?

    <p>20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the anterior and middle parts of the brain?

    <p>Internal Carotid Artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB)?

    <p>To protect brain cells from harmful substances and pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component of CSF?

    <p>Water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Falx Cerebri?

    <p>To separate the 2 cerebral hemispheres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a breakdown of the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB)?

    <p>The passage of normally restricted substances into the brain tissue is permitted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Tentorium Cerebelli?

    <p>To separate the cerebrum from the cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of the body's oxygen consumption attributed to the brain?

    <p>20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Dura Mater?

    <p>To protect the brain from mechanical injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the basal nuclei in the cerebrum?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the corpus callosum?

    <p>Enabling communication between the right and left hemispheres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lobe is responsible for processing primary olfactory information?

    <p>Temporal lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the thalamus?

    <p>Relaying sensory information to the primary sensory area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area of the brain is responsible for integrating and interpreting sensory information?

    <p>Primary somatic sensory area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the hypothalamus?

    <p>Controlling hunger and thirst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lobe is responsible for processing primary auditory information?

    <p>Temporal lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the lentiform nucleus?

    <p>Control of skeletal muscle tone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area of the brain is responsible for processing primary visual information?

    <p>Occipital lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Wernicke's area?

    <p>Interpreting the meaning of speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the hypothalamus?

    <p>To regulate body temperature and hunger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure secretes melatonin and promotes sleepiness?

    <p>Pineal gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the limbic system?

    <p>To link conscious and unconscious functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain stem is involved in controlling breathing?

    <p>Pons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the decussation in the medulla oblongata?

    <p>To allow right and left sides of the brain to control opposite sides of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve is involved in the sensing of smell?

    <p>Olfactory nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cerebellum?

    <p>To coordinate movements and balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure connects the 3rd ventricle with the 4th ventricle?

    <p>Cerebral aqueduct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the vasomotor center in the medulla oblongata?

    <p>To regulate blood vessel diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen if the medulla oblongata is damaged?

    <p>The person would die due to the loss of essential functions such as breathing and heart rate control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve is responsible for equilibrium and balance?

    <p>Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve innervates all muscles of facial expression?

    <p>Facial Nerve (VII)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve is involved in swallowing and gag reflex?

    <p>Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cochlear branch of the Vestibulocochlear Nerve?

    <p>Sense of hearing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve is the longest and innervates visceral organs of the thorax and abdomen?

    <p>Vagus Nerve (X)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve innervates intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

    <p>Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cerebellum?

    <p>Smoothing and coordinating contractions of skeletal muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the loss of the ability to coordinate movements?

    <p>Ataxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

    <p>12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the olfactory nerve (I)?

    <p>Sensory function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina?

    <p>Optic nerve (II)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the trigeminal nerve (V)?

    <p>Mixed function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cranial nerve is responsible for rotating the eye laterally?

    <p>Abducens nerve (VI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the first cranial nerve, which is responsible for transmitting sensory information related to smell?

    <p>Olfactory nerve (I)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the cerebellum?

    <p>Regulation of heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the cranial nerves?

    <p>Olfactory - S Optic - S Oculomotor - M Trochlear - M Trigeminal - B Abducens - M Facial - B Vestibulocochlear - Sensory Glossopharyngeal - Both Vagus Nerve - Both Accessory- Motor Hypoglossal - Motor</p> Signup and view all the answers

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