Anatomy of the Anterior Abdominal Wall

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Questions and Answers

What are the two layers of the superficial fascia in the abdominal wall?

Camper's fascia and Scarpa's fascia (correct)

External oblique and internal oblique

Transversalis fascia and extraperitoneal fat

Parietal peritoneum and visceral peritoneum

What is the function of the inguinal ligament?

Forms the boundary of the inguinal canal (correct)

Separates the anterior and posterior abdominal walls

Forms the lower border of the external oblique aponeurosis

Supports the abdominal viscera

What is the composition of the abdominal wall muscles?

Rectus abdominis, pyramidalis, and transversus abdominis

External oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis

Psoas major, iliopsoas, and quadratus lumborum

External oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis, and pyramidalis (correct)

What is the significance of Scarpa's fascia?

It is a deep membranous layer Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the inguinal canal?

In the lower part of the anterior abdominal wall, just above the medial half of the inguinal ligament Signup and view all the answers

What are the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall?

Psoas major, iliopsoas, and quadratus lumborum Signup and view all the answers

What is the boundary of the hindgut in the large intestine?

The pectinate line of the anal canal Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies the foregut?

Coeliac artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pelvic splanchnic nerves in the hindgut?

Parasympathetic nerve supply Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the GIT is divided into 4 parts?

The entire GIT Signup and view all the answers

What is the venous drainage of the foregut, except for the lower part of the anal canal?

End in the portal venous system Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve supplies the midgut?

Vagus nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the boundary of the midgut in the large intestine?

The right 2/3 of the transverse colon Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the GIT receives sympathetic nerve supply from the T5-T11 segments of the spinal cord?

The foregut and midgut Signup and view all the answers

Which structure lies medial to the inferior epigastric artery?

Direct inguinal hernia Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the plane that passes through the lower edge of 10th costal cartilage and L3 vertebra?

Subcostal Plane Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the visceral layer of the peritoneum?

Surrounds the abdominal viscera Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the region between the right lumbar and left lumbar regions?

Umbilical region Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the structure that passes through the deep inguinal ring and down to the scrotum in males?

Spermatic cord Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and is reflected over the viscera?

Peritoneum Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the region bounded by the two midclavicular lines and the subcostal plane?

Epigastrium region Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the structure that herniates through the inguinal triangle?

Direct inguinal hernia Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Anterior Abdominal Wall

Consists of six layers: skin, superficial fascia, muscles, deep fascia, extraperitoneal fat, and parietal peritoneum
Skin is loosely attached to underlying structures except at the umbilicus
Superficial fascia has two layers: Camper's fascia (fatty) and Scarpa's fascia (deep membranous)

Muscles of the Anterior Abdominal Wall

External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis
Rectus abdominis
Pyramidalis

Muscles of the Posterior Abdominal Wall

Psoas major
Iliacus
Quadratus lumborum

Inguinal Ligament

Lower border of external oblique aponeurosis
Attached to anterior superior iliac spine and pubic tubercle

Inguinal Canal

Oblique passage in the lower part of the anterior abdominal wall
Structures passing through the canal: spermatic cord in males or round ligament in females, and ilioinguinal nerve

Hernias

Indirect inguinal hernia: herniates through the deep inguinal ring, then through the superficial inguinal ring
Direct inguinal hernia: herniates through the inguinal triangle, medial to the inferior epigastric artery

Abdominal Regions

Nine regions formed by two vertical midclavicular lines and two horizontal lines (subcostal and transtubercular)
Regions: right hypochondrium, epigastrium, left hypochondrium, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, right iliac, hypogastrium, and left iliac

Peritoneum

Serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity and reflected over the viscera
Two layers: parietal and visceral, with peritoneal cavity in between
Parietal layer lines the interior of the anterior and posterior abdominal walls and lower surface of the diaphragm
Visceral layer surrounds the abdominal viscera

Digestive System

Divided into three parts: foregut, midgut, and hindgut
Foregut: abdominal end of esophagus, stomach, duodenum, liver, spleen, and pancreas
Midgut: lower 1/2 of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and large intestine as far as the right 2/3 of the transverse colon
Hindgut: rest of the large intestine down to the pectinate line of the anal canal

Blood Supply of the Gut

Celiac trunk supplies the foregut
Superior mesenteric artery supplies the midgut
Inferior mesenteric artery supplies the hindgut

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Description

This quiz covers the layers of the anterior abdominal wall, including the skin and superficial fascia. It is designed for medical students to test their knowledge of anatomy.