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Questions and Answers
Which condition is characterized by partial or complete lack of fusion of the maxillary prominence with the medial nasal prominence?
Which condition is characterized by partial or complete lack of fusion of the maxillary prominence with the medial nasal prominence?
Which of the following cleft deformities is located anterior to the incisive foramen?
Which of the following cleft deformities is located anterior to the incisive foramen?
What is the primary defining landmark between anterior and posterior cleft deformities?
What is the primary defining landmark between anterior and posterior cleft deformities?
Which of the following conditions is NOT typically associated with cleft deformities?
Which of the following conditions is NOT typically associated with cleft deformities?
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Which of the following accurately describes a characteristic of anterior lingual depression?
Which of the following accurately describes a characteristic of anterior lingual depression?
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What structural feature delineates the site of union between the base and body of the tongue?
What structural feature delineates the site of union between the base and body of the tongue?
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During which weeks does the occipital myotomes migrate anteriorly into the tongue?
During which weeks does the occipital myotomes migrate anteriorly into the tongue?
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What is the initial embryonic representation of the tongue?
What is the initial embryonic representation of the tongue?
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What type of ossification center is present for each maxilla?
What type of ossification center is present for each maxilla?
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Which structure is responsible for moving the maxilla in a downward and forward direction?
Which structure is responsible for moving the maxilla in a downward and forward direction?
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Which type of tissue develops into the base of the tongue?
Which type of tissue develops into the base of the tongue?
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From which embryonic structure do the initial swellings of the tongue originate?
From which embryonic structure do the initial swellings of the tongue originate?
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What describes the process that moves the maxilla forward?
What describes the process that moves the maxilla forward?
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What is the most common syndrome associated with cleft lip with or without cleft palate?
What is the most common syndrome associated with cleft lip with or without cleft palate?
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Which of the following statements describes a potential cause for cleft palate?
Which of the following statements describes a potential cause for cleft palate?
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Which genetic factor is associated with Van der Woude syndrome?
Which genetic factor is associated with Van der Woude syndrome?
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Infants with DiGeorge syndrome often present with which of the following?
Infants with DiGeorge syndrome often present with which of the following?
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What is one result of the smallness of the palatine shelves during embryonic development?
What is one result of the smallness of the palatine shelves during embryonic development?
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What might inhibit the fusion of the palatine shelves?
What might inhibit the fusion of the palatine shelves?
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Which of the following conditions is characterized by congenital heart and aortic arch defects alongside learning disabilities?
Which of the following conditions is characterized by congenital heart and aortic arch defects alongside learning disabilities?
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The internal ear is responsible for converting sound waves into what kind of signals?
The internal ear is responsible for converting sound waves into what kind of signals?
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What connects the thyroid to the tongue during its migration?
What connects the thyroid to the tongue during its migration?
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At what point in development does the thyroid reach its final position?
At what point in development does the thyroid reach its final position?
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Which cells are responsible for producing calcitonin in the thyroid?
Which cells are responsible for producing calcitonin in the thyroid?
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What structure overgrows the second branchial arches during the thyroid's migration?
What structure overgrows the second branchial arches during the thyroid's migration?
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Which thyroid hormones begin to function at the end of the third month?
Which thyroid hormones begin to function at the end of the third month?
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What type of cells differentiate into cementoblasts?
What type of cells differentiate into cementoblasts?
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What role does the periodontal ligament serve?
What role does the periodontal ligament serve?
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Which structure is NOT involved in the thyroid's early development?
Which structure is NOT involved in the thyroid's early development?
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What is the role of the hyaloid vessels during intrauterine life?
What is the role of the hyaloid vessels during intrauterine life?
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What happens to the interstitial spaces of the hyaloid vessel network during fetal life?
What happens to the interstitial spaces of the hyaloid vessel network during fetal life?
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What is the fate of the hyaloid canal after the obliteration of the hyaloid vessels during fetal life?
What is the fate of the hyaloid canal after the obliteration of the hyaloid vessels during fetal life?
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Where does mesenchyme invade during the formation of the vitreous body?
Where does mesenchyme invade during the formation of the vitreous body?
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Which structure is NOT directly involved in the formation of the vascular layer of the retina?
Which structure is NOT directly involved in the formation of the vascular layer of the retina?
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At what stage of development do the hyaloid vessels typically obliterate?
At what stage of development do the hyaloid vessels typically obliterate?
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What component largely contributes to the structure of the vitreous body after the hyaloid vessels disappear?
What component largely contributes to the structure of the vitreous body after the hyaloid vessels disappear?
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Which of the following correctly describes the development of the vitreous body?
Which of the following correctly describes the development of the vitreous body?
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Study Notes
Alveolar Unit and Tongue Development
- The base and body of the tongue connect at the sulcus terminalis, signified by a V-shaped groove.
- Alveolar unit development includes a single ossification center for each maxilla.
- Displacement occurs due to cranial base bone formation, causing the maxilla to move downward and forward.
- Tongue myotomes migrate anteriorly between the 5th and 7th weeks of embryonic development.
Formation of Premaxilla
- The premaxilla forms from the fusion of maxillary prominence with two medial nasal processes.
- Initially indicated by bilobed diverticulum with two midline elevations.
- The hypobranchial eminence overgrows the second branchial arches, connecting with the tongue body.
- The thyroid gland remains attached to the tongue during development via the thyroglossal duct.
Tongue Functionality
- The tongue begins its functional phase around the third month of gestation.
Thyroid and Dental Development
- Follicular cells in the thyroid produce thyroxine and triiodothyronine.
- Parafollicular cells derived from the ultimobranchial body produce calcitonin.
- Mesenchymal cells near developing teeth differentiate into cementoblasts and form the periodontal ligament, which stabilizes teeth and absorbs shocks.
Cleft Deformities and Craniofacial Defects
- The incisive foramen divides anterior and posterior cleft conditions.
- Anterior cleft defects include lateral cleft lip and cleft upper jaw due to improper fusion of maxillary and medial nasal prominences.
- Posterior cleft conditions, such as cleft palate, arise from palatine shelf fusion failure, possible causes include small shelf size and micrognathia.
Syndromes Associated with Clefting
- Van der Woude syndrome is the most frequent genetic condition linked with cleft lip and/or palate, caused by mutations in the IRF6 gene.
- Associated defects include congenital heart defects and learning disabilities in infants.
Internal Ear Development
- The internal ear functions to convert sound waves and maintain equilibrium.
- Otic placodes develop into the internal ear structures.
- Hyaloid vessels provide intrauterine blood supply and contribute to the vascular layer of the retina.
- The vitreous body forms from interstitial spaces that fill with gelatinous substance, later leaving behind the hyaloid canal after obliteration during fetal life.
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Description
This quiz covers the anatomical aspects of the alveolar unit and its association with the teeth, including the unique features of the tongue, such as the sulcus terminalis. Additionally, it touches on the formation of the maxilla and the migration of occipital myotomes. Test your knowledge on these essential topics in anatomy.
