Anatomy of Shoulder and Upper Limb Muscles

A muscle involved in abduction and rotation of the arm, aiding head of humerus stability in the glenoid cavity.

A rotator cuff muscle that aids in steadying the head of the humerus and rotation.

A muscle responsible for adduction and lateral rotation of the arm, contributing to head of humerus stability.

The group of muscles responsible for connecting the upper limb with the vertebral column, playing a role in movement and stability of the shoulder and arm.

The group of muscles connecting the upper limb with the ribs, contributing to movement and stability of the chest and arm.

A powerful muscle responsible for flexion, extension, and abduction of the arm.

The part of the deltoid muscle that flexes the arm and rotates it medially.

The part of the deltoid muscle that extends the arm and rotates it laterally.

A muscle that flexes the middle finger joints and assists in wrist flexion.

The flexor digitorum superficialis originates from two heads: one from the medial epicondyle and the other from the radius.

The flexor digitorum superficialis inserts into the middle phalanges of the middle four fingers.

The flexor digitorum superficialis is innervated by the median nerve.

A muscle that flexes and adducts the wrist joint.

The flexor carpi ulnaris originates from two heads: one from the medial epicondyle and the other from the ulna.

The flexor carpi ulnaris inserts into the pisiform bone and the 5th metacarpal bone, connecting to the wrist and hand.

The flexor carpi ulnaris is innervated by the ulnar nerve.

The deepest layer of forearm muscles, located in the anterior compartment. These muscles flex fingers, thumb, and pronate the forearm.

One of the deep forearm muscles, responsible for flexing all the joints of the thumb.

A deep forearm muscle that flexes the fingers at all joints and helps flex the wrist.

This deep forearm muscle helps to pronate the forearm by binding the radius to the ulna.

This deep muscle flexes the wrist and helps to flex the fingers.

The deep forearm muscle that flexes the fingers at the fingertip

This muscle group is located at the back of the forearm and is responsible for extending the wrist, fingers, and thumb.

The most lateral of the superficial extensor muscles, located on the back of the forearm.

A fibrous band that runs across the back of the wrist, holding the extensor tendons in place.

A fibrous band that runs across the front of the wrist, forming a tunnel (carpal tunnel) for the flexor tendons and the median nerve.

A triangular space on the radial side of the wrist, formed by tendons of the thumb muscles.

The muscle responsible for extending all the joints of the thumb.

The muscle responsible for extending the proximal phalanx (first bone) of the thumb.

The muscle that extends the index finger.

The outermost part of the wrist region, containing the tendons of Abductor Pollicis Longus (APL) and Extensor Pollicis Brevis (EPB).

The innermost part of the wrist region, containing the tendon of Extensor Pollicis Longus (EPL).

A branch of the radial nerve that travels through the lateral intermuscular septum and supplies the posterior compartment of the arm and forearm.

This nerve supplies the back of the lateral 2/3 of the hand and the back of the lateral three and half fingers.

The radial nerve branches out to supply various muscles in the arm and forearm, including the triceps, anconeus, brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, and others.

The radial nerve gives off branches to the skin of the back of the arm, lower part of the lateral side of the arm, and back of the forearm.

The radial nerve provides motor innervation to the posterior compartment of the forearm, controlling muscles responsible for wrist and finger extension.

A branch of the radial nerve that supplies muscles involved in supination of the forearm.

The main functions of the radial nerve are to control the muscles in the back of the arm and forearm, provide sensation to the back of the hand, and assist in extending the wrist and fingers.

The nerve that supplies the muscles of the thenar eminence (flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, and opponens pollicis), the 1st lumbrical muscle, and the palmar surfaces of the index and middle fingers.

The nerve that supplies the 2nd lumbrical muscle and the palmar surfaces of the middle and ring fingers.

A condition characterized by paralysis of the thenar muscles, resulting in a flattened thenar eminence and inability to oppose the thumb.

The median nerve supplies the muscles involved in wrist flexion, thumb flexion, and opposition.

Damage to the median nerve above the elbow causes paralysis of the pronators, flexor digitorum superficialis, part of flexor digitorum profundus, and the thenar muscles. This results in loss of pronation, flexion of middle phalanges, and thumb opposition.

Damage to the median nerve just above the wrist causes paralysis of the thenar muscles, resulting in Ape-hand.

The ulnar nerve originates from the medial cord of the brachial plexus and descends along the medial side of the arm to the forearm.

The ulnar nerve is located medial to the axillary artery in the axilla, with the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm anterior to it and the axillary vein medial to it.