Recent

  • Show all results for ""
Anatomy of Pelvic Arteries and Veins
40 Questions
0 Views

Anatomy of Pelvic Arteries and Veins

Created by
@ResourcefulProtagonist8328

Questions and Answers

What is the primary artery that supplies the rectum?

  • Inferior mesenteric artery
  • Superior rectal artery (correct)
  • Middle rectal artery
  • Pudendal artery

    • The right ovarian vein drains into the left renal vein.

    False

    Name the two main terminal branches of the pudendal artery.

    Inferior rectal artery and perineal artery

    The drainage from the rectal plexus is primarily via the ______ rectal veins to the internal pudendal veins.

    <p>middle and inferior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following lymphatic drainage regions with their corresponding nodes:

    <p>Lower Extremities = Inguinal nodes Upper Vagina = Internal iliac nodes Ovaries = Para-aortic nodes Cervix = Common iliac nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lymphatic nodes filter drainage from the vulva and perineal regions?

    <p>Inguinal nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The thoracic duct transports lymphatic fluid from the subdivision of lumbar lymphatic trunks.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the inferior rectal artery?

    <p>It supplies the perineal and vulval regions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the external genitalia is known as a fibrofatty pad covered by hair-bearing skin?

    <p>Mons pubis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The labia minora contains significant amounts of adipose tissue.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Bartholine's glands?

    <p>Lubrication during intercourse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The vagina is a fibromuscular canal that leads from the uterus to the _____.

    <p>vulva</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following external genitalia parts with their descriptions:

    <p>Clitoris = 0.5-3.5 cm erectile structure Labia majora = Two folds of skin with adipose tissue Hymen = Thin covering of mucous membrane Mons pubis = Fibrofatty pad over pubic bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four fornices of the vagina?

    <p>Anterior, posterior, right lateral, and left lateral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The vagina has glands that help keep it moist.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure ruptures during intercourse and may leave tags known as carunculae myrtifomes?

    <p>Hymen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments provide essential support for the uterus and vaginal vault?

    <p>Cardinal ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ovarian artery arises from the common iliac artery.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure lies beneath the bladder providing additional support?

    <p>pubocervical fascia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ ligaments run from the cervix and vaginal vault to the sacrum.

    <p>utero-sacral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following arteries with their primary areas of supply:

    <p>Ovarian artery = Ovary and tube Uterine artery = Uterus and cervix Vaginal artery = Vagina Vesical arteries = Bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure forms the upper layer of the urogenital diaphragm?

    <p>Pelvic fascia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The internal iliac artery divides into anterior and posterior branches, with pelvic organ supplies arising from both.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What artery is the main blood supply of the uterus?

    <p>uterine artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Doderlein's bacillus in the vagina?

    <p>To break down glycogen into lactic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The vagina has a stable pH of 4.5 throughout a woman's life.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What three layers make up the uterus?

    <p>serous layer (peritoneum), muscular layer (myometrium), mucous layer (endometrium)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The section of the uterus that tapers down to the cervix is called the ______.

    <p>isthmus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal tilt of the uterus referred to?

    <p>Anteversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following parts of the uterus with their descriptions:

    <p>Fundus = Part of the uterus above the cornu Cervix = Projects into the vagina Isthmus = Constricted area joining the corpus and cervix Myometrium = Middle muscular layer of the uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Retroversion and retroflexion of the uterus are considered pathological.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The vagina is protected by maintaining a PH around ______.

    <p>4.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary tissue layer that covers the endometrium?

    <p>Serous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cervix is wider than the uterus.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of epithelium found in the cervical canal?

    <p>Columnar and stratified squamous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The fallopian tubes extend from the cornu to the ______.

    <p>ovary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the fallopian tube is the widest and longest?

    <p>Ampulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The transformation zone of the cervix is where columnar epithelium transitions to ciliated epithelium.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long is the cervix typically?

    <p>About 2.5 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following parts of the fallopian tubes to their descriptions:

    <p>Interstitial = Lies within the wall of the uterus Isthmus = Narrow part adjoining the uterus Ampulla = Widest and longest part Fimbrial portion = Opens into the peritoneal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Vascular Anatomy of the Pelvis

    • The pudendal artery exits the pelvic cavity via the sciatic foramen, supplying inferior rectal, perineal, and vulval arteries.
    • The superior rectal artery continues from the inferior mesenteric artery, descending in the mesocolon and branching to supply the rectum.
    • Pelvic veins drain the uterine, vaginal, and vesical plexuses into internal iliac veins; rectal plexus drains via superior rectal veins to inferior mesenteric veins, and middle/inferior rectal veins to internal pudendal then to iliac veins.
    • Ovarian veins arise from the pampiniform plexus; the right ovarian vein drains into the inferior vena cava, while the left drains into the left renal vein.
    • Lymphatic drainage from lower extremities, vulva, and perineal regions is through inguinal and superficial femoral nodes, then to external iliac, common iliac, and para-aortic nodes.

    Anatomy of the External Genitalia

    • The vulva includes mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, vaginal vestibule, clitoris, and greater vestibular glands.
    • Mons pubis: a fibrofatty pad covered with hair.
    • Labia majora: skin folds containing sebaceous and sweat glands, positioned alongside the vaginal opening.
    • Labia minora: thinner skin folds between labia majora, containing sebaceous glands but no adipose tissue.
    • Clitoris: a small erectile structure (0.5-3.5 cm) composed of corpora cavernosa.
    • Vaginal vestibule: contains openings for the urethra, Bartholin’s glands, and vagina.
    • Bartholin’s glands: bilateral glands contributing to lubrication during intercourse, opening via ducts into the vestibule.
    • The hymen: a mucous membrane covering the vaginal entrance, typically perforated during menstruation and may rupture during intercourse.

    Internal Reproductive Organs

    • The vagina is a fibromuscular canal (9cm posteriorly, 7cm anteriorly) lined with stratified squamous epithelium; its moisture is maintained by secretions from uterine and cervical glands.
    • Pelvic fascia includes parietal and visceral layers, supporting pelvic organs and providing attachment points for key ligaments.
    • Cardinal ligaments support the uterus and vaginal vault, while utero-sacral ligaments extend to the sacrum.

    Uterus Anatomy

    • The uterus is an inverted pear-shaped organ measuring 7.5 cm in length, with a tapered cervix projecting into the vagina.
    • Divided into three main layers: serous layer (peritoneum), muscular layer (myometrium), and mucous layer (endometrium).
    • The endometrium undergoes cyclical changes during menstruation, with thickness varying from 1-5 mm.

    Cervix and Fallopian Tubes

    • The cervix: about 2.5 cm long, surrounded by parametrium, has glandular follicles secretive of alkaline mucous; transition from columnar to stratified squamous epithelium at the external os known as the transformation zone.
    • Fallopian tubes extend from the uterus to ovaries, covering 10 cm in length; they consist of four parts: interstitial, isthmus, ampulla, and fimbrial portion, with a ciliated epithelium and muscle layers.

    Summary of Key Physiological Changes

    • At puberty, the vulva develops hair and fat deposits; after menopause, the labia minora thins.
    • The vagina's epithelium is rich in glycogen during the post-ovulatory phase, and its pH ranges around 4.5 due to Doderlein’s bacillus.
    • Hypertrophy of the vagina occurs at birth and at puberty but atrophies post-menopause.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    This quiz covers the anatomy of the pudendal artery and the superior rectal artery, including their origins, branches, and the venous drainage system associated with the pelvic organs. Test your knowledge on the arterial supply and venous drainage of the perineal and pelvic regions.

    More Quizzes Like This

    Pelvic Anatomy Quiz
    30 questions

    Pelvic Anatomy Quiz

    CureAllPlateau avatar
    CureAllPlateau
    Lab Session Pelvis N°3
    160 questions

    Lab Session Pelvis N°3

    Raelag2502 avatar
    Raelag2502
    Pelvic Biomechanics and Anatomy
    15 questions

    Pelvic Biomechanics and Anatomy

    ValuablePurple avatar
    ValuablePurple
    Pelvic Organs Anatomy
    68 questions

    Pelvic Organs Anatomy

    EKoop97 avatar
    EKoop97
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser