17 Questions
What is the position of the parotid gland in relation to the auricle?
Below the auricle
What is the number of surfaces of the parotid gland?
4
What is the division of the parotid gland based on the facial nerve?
Into superficial and deep parts
Which nerve is related to the apex of the parotid gland?
Hypoglossal nerve
What is the upper end of the parotid gland in contact with?
The external acoustic meatus
What is the relationship between the parotid gland and the sternomastoid muscle?
The parotid gland is between the sternomastoid muscle and the ramus of the mandible
Which nerve is responsible for the innervation of the parotid gland?
Auriculotemporal nerve
What is the name of the vein that passes through the parotid gland?
Posterior facial vein
Which of the following is a branch of the facial nerve?
Zygomatic branch
What is the name of the duct that pierces the buccinator muscle?
Parotid duct
What is the cause of parotitis?
Viral infection
Which of the following structures is related to the posteromedial surface of the parotid gland?
Sternomastoid muscle
Which nerve is not related to the anteromedial surface of the parotid gland?
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Which of the following structures is not related to the superficial surface of the parotid gland?
Stylohyoid muscle
What is the relation of the base of the parotid gland to the temporal branch of the facial nerve?
It is related to the temporal branch
Which of the following vessels is not a relation of the apex of the parotid gland?
Internal jugular vein
Which of the following structures is within the substance of the parotid gland?
Retromandibular vein
Study Notes
Parotid Gland
- The largest of the salivary glands
- Wedge-shaped gland located below the auricle, between the ramus of the mandible and sternomastoid
- Upper end in contact with the external acoustic meatus
Surfaces and Borders
- Lateral (superficial) surface
- Anteromedial surface
- Posteromedial surface
- Medial border: anterior, posterior, and medial parts
- Posterior border: apex
- Anterior border: related to the Stylomandibular Ligament
Divisions
- Superficial part: divided by the facial nerve
- Deep part: divided by the facial nerve
Relations
- Superficial surface: skin, superficial fascia, branches of great auricular nerve, and parotid lymph nodes
- Anteromedial surface: medial pterygoid, ramus of mandible, masseter, and facial nerve trunk
- Posteromedial surface: styloid process, stylopharyngeus muscle, styloglossus muscle, and stylohyoid muscle
Nerve Supply
- Facial nerve: temporal, zygomatic, upper buccal, lower buccal, and cervical branches
- Auriculotemporal nerve
- Glossopharyngeal nerve
- Superior cervical ganglion
- Tympanic branch and otic ganglion
Parotid Duct
- Pierces the buccinator muscle to open opposite the upper second molar
- Parotid papilla
Clinical Correlations
- Affection of the facial nerve within the gland
- Parotitis (mumps): viral infection of the parotid gland
This quiz covers the anatomy of the parotid gland, including its position, shape, and extension. Learn about the largest salivary gland and its relationships with surrounding structures.
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