Anatomy of Parotid Gland

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Questions and Answers

What is the position of the parotid gland in relation to the auricle?

Behind the auricle

Above the auricle

In front of the auricle

Below the auricle (correct)

What is the number of surfaces of the parotid gland?

4 (correct)

What is the division of the parotid gland based on the facial nerve?

Into medial and lateral parts

Into upper and lower parts

Into superficial and deep parts (correct)

Into anterior and posterior parts

Which nerve is related to the apex of the parotid gland?

Hypoglossal nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the upper end of the parotid gland in contact with?

The external acoustic meatus Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the parotid gland and the sternomastoid muscle?

The parotid gland is between the sternomastoid muscle and the ramus of the mandible Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is responsible for the innervation of the parotid gland?

Auriculotemporal nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the vein that passes through the parotid gland?

Posterior facial vein Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a branch of the facial nerve?

Zygomatic branch Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the duct that pierces the buccinator muscle?

Parotid duct Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of parotitis?

Viral infection Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is related to the posteromedial surface of the parotid gland?

Sternomastoid muscle Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is not related to the anteromedial surface of the parotid gland?

Glossopharyngeal nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is not related to the superficial surface of the parotid gland?

Stylohyoid muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the relation of the base of the parotid gland to the temporal branch of the facial nerve?

It is related to the temporal branch Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following vessels is not a relation of the apex of the parotid gland?

Internal jugular vein Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is within the substance of the parotid gland?

Retromandibular vein Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Parotid Gland

The largest of the salivary glands
Wedge-shaped gland located below the auricle, between the ramus of the mandible and sternomastoid
Upper end in contact with the external acoustic meatus

Surfaces and Borders

Lateral (superficial) surface
Anteromedial surface
Posteromedial surface
Medial border: anterior, posterior, and medial parts
Posterior border: apex
Anterior border: related to the Stylomandibular Ligament

Divisions

Superficial part: divided by the facial nerve
Deep part: divided by the facial nerve

Relations

Superficial surface: skin, superficial fascia, branches of great auricular nerve, and parotid lymph nodes
Anteromedial surface: medial pterygoid, ramus of mandible, masseter, and facial nerve trunk
Posteromedial surface: styloid process, stylopharyngeus muscle, styloglossus muscle, and stylohyoid muscle

Nerve Supply

Facial nerve: temporal, zygomatic, upper buccal, lower buccal, and cervical branches
Auriculotemporal nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Superior cervical ganglion
Tympanic branch and otic ganglion

Parotid Duct

Pierces the buccinator muscle to open opposite the upper second molar
Parotid papilla

Clinical Correlations

Affection of the facial nerve within the gland
Parotitis (mumps): viral infection of the parotid gland

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Description

This quiz covers the anatomy of the parotid gland, including its position, shape, and extension. Learn about the largest salivary gland and its relationships with surrounding structures.