10 Questions
What is the primary function of the mitral cells in the olfactory bulb?
To synapse with neurons within the olfactory bulb
Which layer of the olfactory bulb contains the somata of tufted cells?
Plexiform layer
What is the main component of the olfactory tract?
Axons of mitral and tufted cells
Which area of the olfactory cortex receives direct fibers from the olfactory bulb?
All of the above
What is the structure of the olfactory receptor cell?
One cell body and two processes
What is the function of the peripheral process of the olfactory receptor cell?
To receive odorant molecules
Which layer of the olfactory bulb is primarily composed of axons of mitral and tufted cells?
Internal plexiform layer
What is the function of the piriform cortex in the olfactory pathway?
To receive direct fibers from the olfactory bulb
Which structure is responsible for transmitting olfactory information from the olfactory bulb to the olfactory cortex?
Olfactory tract
What is the relationship between the olfactory bulb and the olfactory cortex?
The olfactory cortex receives direct fibers from the olfactory bulb
Study Notes
The Piriform Lobe
- The piriform lobe is formed by the prepiriform region (lateral olfactory gyrus and gyrus ambiens), gyrus semilunaris (or periamygdaloid region), lateral olfactory stria, and the anterior part of the parahippocampal gyrus (uncus, entorhinal area, and Brodmann's area 28).
The Olfactory Pathway
- The olfactory pathway consists of the olfactory nerve, olfactory bulb, olfactory tract, and olfactory cortex.
- The olfactory bulb has several types of cells, including mitral and tufted cells that give origin to fibers of the olfactory tract.
- The layers of the olfactory bulb include the olfactory nerve layer, glomerular layer, external plexiform layer, mitral cell layer, internal plexiform layer, and granular layer.
The Limbic System
- The limbic system is a concept that includes certain regions of the brain that control visceral activity, including the septal and piriform areas of cerebral cortex, uncus, insula, cingulate and parahippocampal gyri, amygdaloid body, hippocampus, fimbria, fornix, and mammillary body.
- Some authorities also include the hypothalamus and the anterior part of the thalamus in the limbic system.
The Olfactory Bulb and Tract
- The olfactory tract is made up predominantly of axons of mitral and tufted cells of the olfactory bulb.
- The layers of the olfactory bulb include the olfactory nerve layer, glomerular layer, external plexiform layer, mitral cell layer, internal plexiform layer, and granular layer.
- The olfactory tract receives direct fibers from the olfactory bulb and is also known as the anterior olfactory nucleus.
The Olfactory Cortex
- The olfactory cortex consists of all areas of the cerebral cortex that receive direct fibers from the olfactory bulb.
- The primary olfactory areas include the prepiriform cortex (lateral olfactory and ambiens gyri), gyrus semilunaris (periamygdaloid area), anterior olfactory nucleus, olfactory tubercle, and entorhinal area.
The Olfactory Receptor Cells
- Olfactory receptor cells are found in the epithelium lining the olfactory mucosa and have two processes: a peripheral process (dendrite) and a central process (axon).
- The peripheral process reaches the surface of the olfactory epithelium and ends in a small swelling.
- The central process enters the submucosa and forms one fiber of the olfactory nerve.
- The olfactory nerve fibers terminate in the olfactory bulb and synapse with neurons within the bulb.
This quiz covers the anatomy of the olfactory system, including the lateral olfactory stria, gyrus semilunaris, and amygdaloid complex. Learn about the structure and relationships of these brain regions.
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