Anatomy of Maxilla

Tarsal glands are embedded in the tarsi and produce lipid secretion to keep the eyelids from sticking together.

Eyelashes act as feelers sensing approaching dangers such as bugs or fingers and are lubricated by ciliary glands.

The Levator Palpebrae superiors muscle elevates the upper eyelid and is innervated by CN III.

<p>The neurocranum is made up of 8 bones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The 5 special senses are smell (olfaction) with olfactory receptors, taste (gustation) with gustatory receptors, vision with photoreceptors, hearing with hair cells of the cochlea, and equilibrium with hair cells of the ampulla &amp; maculae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The important openings of the sphenoid bone are the optic foramen (CN II), superior orbital fissure (CN III, IV, VI), and foramen rotundum (CN V).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The major parts of the ethmoid bone are the cribriform plates, ethmoidal labyrinth, and perpendicular plate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tonsils play a role in immune function and protection from infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pharynx serves as a passageway for both air and food, extending from the nasal cavity and mouth to the larynx and esophagus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The epiglottis functions to protect the larynx from food and allows food to pass into the esophagus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hyoid bone is unique in the body for not articulating with another bone and provides support for the larynx and airway.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The larynx connects the oropharynx with the trachea and plays a role in swallowing and guarding air passages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Swallowing (deglutition) involves the oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal phases and is facilitated by the teeth, tongue, larynx, and esophagus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The temporomandibular joint is the most active joint in the human body and is formed by the articulation of the temporal bone and mandible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscles of mastication, including the masseter, temporalis, and medial pterygoid, are responsible for elevating the mandible and closing the mouth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neck muscles, such as the sternocleidomastoid and scalene, are necessary for neck movement, chewing, swallowing, and facial expression.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lymph nodes in the head and neck region play a critical role in filtering lymphatic fluid and fighting infection, with specific drainage patterns for different areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cervical fascial spaces hold muscles of the neck in their respective compartments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The orbit is composed of seven bones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The globe is composed of three layers with fluid and gel-like substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The outer layer of the globe includes the sclera, cornea, and conjunctiva.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The middle layer contains the choroid, ciliary body, and iris.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The iris contains two involuntary muscles that control the size of the pupil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The inner layer of the globe is the retina, which contains photoreceptors and associated neurons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The eye has three chambers: anterior, posterior, and vitreous.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aqueous humor nourishes the iris, lens, and cornea and maintains intraocular pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The vitreous humor is jelly-like and supports the lens and maintains the eye shape.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eye movement is controlled by six extraocular muscles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ophthalmic artery, a branch of the internal carotid artery, supplies the orbit and retina, with the central retinal artery being the most important branch.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The nasal cavity serves functions such as smell, respiration, and filtration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The nasal septum consists of bony and cartilaginous parts, including the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, vomer bone, and septal cartilage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The paranasal sinuses lighten the weight of the skull and are palpable during a physical exam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sense of smell is processed in the cerebrum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The middle ear consists of the tympanic membrane, auditory ossicles, and the pharyngotympanic (Eustachian) tube.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The inner ear consists of the bony labyrinth, cochlea, semicircular canals, and the membranous labyrinth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Equilibrium is maintained through the vestibule, saccule, utricle, and semicircular canals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Various cranial nerves, including CNV, CNVIII, and CNIX, are responsible for hearing, balance, and the sensory innervation of the ear.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The oral cavity contains openings for salivary gland ducts and has deciduous and permanent teeth innervated by the trigeminal nerve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The external nose comprises cartilage, skin, and nerve supply from the trigeminal nerve (CNV1).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Olfaction involves the olfactory epithelium, olfactory nerves, bulbs, and tract.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The middle ear amplifies sound through the tympanic membrane, auditory ossicles, and the pharyngotympanic (Eustachian) tube.</p> Signup and view all the answers