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Questions and Answers
What type of bone density is characterized by the presence of coarse trabecular bone covered by dense cortical bone?
What type of bone density is characterized by the presence of coarse trabecular bone covered by dense cortical bone?
Which type of bone has the highest turnover rate?
Which type of bone has the highest turnover rate?
What occurs during physiological tooth movement?
What occurs during physiological tooth movement?
What is the main goal of orthodontic tooth movement?
What is the main goal of orthodontic tooth movement?
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What happens to the buccolingual and apico-coronal dimensions after tooth extraction?
What happens to the buccolingual and apico-coronal dimensions after tooth extraction?
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What is the direction of the slope of the ridge after tooth extraction?
What is the direction of the slope of the ridge after tooth extraction?
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Which type of bone density is characterized by the presence of fine trabecular bone covered by thin cortical bone?
Which type of bone density is characterized by the presence of fine trabecular bone covered by thin cortical bone?
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What is the main reason for mesial drift/mesial movement?
What is the main reason for mesial drift/mesial movement?
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What happens to the bone on the pressure side during orthodontic tooth movement?
What happens to the bone on the pressure side during orthodontic tooth movement?
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Why is it important to identify the type of bone density before implant placement?
Why is it important to identify the type of bone density before implant placement?
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Study Notes
Bone Tissue
- Definition: Rigid form of specialized connective tissue that forms the endoskeleton of vertebrates, helping with movement, support, and protection of various organs.
- Composition: 67% inorganic component (hydroxyapatite) and 33% organic matrix (28% type I collagen and 5% non-collagenous proteins).
- Functions: Dynamic tissue that is continually being formed and resorbed in response to mechanical, nutritional, and hormonal influences throughout life; serves as a source of calcium.
Types of Bone
- Lamellar Bone:
- Compact Bone: Dense, ivory-like bone formed of regular, arranged lamellae; forms flat bones and outer coverage of long bones.
- Cancellous Bone: Porous, sponge-like bone formed of irregular trabeculae; highly vascular.
- Non-Lamellar Bone:
- Embryonic bone or temporary bone; present in fetus, callus of fracture, and healing sockets.
- Characterized by irregular arrangement of collagen fibers and large number of osteocytes; resorbed and replaced by lamellar bone.
- Bundle Bone:
- Lining of tooth socket; more radio-opaque.
Alveolar Bone
- Definition: Bone of the jaws containing the sockets (alveoli) for the teeth; functional bone.
- Structure:
- Alveolar bone proper:
- Bundle bone: Portion of inner alveolar wall that gives attachment to periodontal ligament fibers and into which Sharpey's fibers are inserted.
- Lamellar bone: Bone immediately adjacent to bundle bone; contains lamellae, Haversian systems, and canaliculi.
- Supporting alveolar bone:
- Sporting spongiosa: Contains trabeculae that enclose irregularly shaped marrow spaces; varies widely depending on occlusal forces.
- Cortical plates: Compact bone in nature with longitudinal lamellae and Haversian systems.
- Alveolar bone proper:
Clinical Considerations of Alveolar Bone
- Density of alveolar bone: Classified into four types (D1-D4) in an edentulous jawbone; important to identify type before implant placement.
- Physiologic remodeling of the alveolar process: Turnover rate of alveolar bone is higher compared to other parts of the skeleton; highest level of remodeling occurs in the bundle bone.
- Tooth movement:
- Physiological tooth movement: Slight tipping of the tooth in its socket during eruption; changes in tooth position that occur during and after eruption.
- Orthodontic tooth movement: Applies force to induce bone resorption on the pressure side and bone apposition on the tension side.
- Resorption of the alveolar bone after extraction:
- Tooth extraction leads to reduction in the buccolingual and apico-coronal dimensions.
- Bone resorption occurs more at the buccal aspect than at the lingual aspect, leading to greater vertical bone loss buccally than lingually.
Age Changes of Alveolar Bone
- Increase in brittleness due to decreased water content.
- Widening of marrow spaces and thinning of trabeculae of supporting spongiosa.
- Resorption after loss of teeth.
- Approximation of maxillary sinus floor after extraction of teeth.
- Mental foramen becomes closer to the upper border of the mandible.
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Description
This quiz covers the structure and composition of lamellar bone and alveolar bone, including their components and features.
