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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of synovial fluid in a joint?
What is the primary function of synovial fluid in a joint?
Which type of joint is characterized by bones held together by dense regular connective tissue?
Which type of joint is characterized by bones held together by dense regular connective tissue?
What is the term for the movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis?
What is the term for the movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis?
Which type of joint is characterized by a small amount of movement, but is not completely immobile?
Which type of joint is characterized by a small amount of movement, but is not completely immobile?
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What is the term for the joint between the teeth and the maxilla and mandible?
What is the term for the joint between the teeth and the maxilla and mandible?
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Which type of joint allows for movement in three planes or axes?
Which type of joint allows for movement in three planes or axes?
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What is the term for the movement of decreasing the angle between two bones?
What is the term for the movement of decreasing the angle between two bones?
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Which type of joint is characterized by a ball-and-socket arrangement?
Which type of joint is characterized by a ball-and-socket arrangement?
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What is the term for the joint cavity that contains a small amount of synovial fluid?
What is the term for the joint cavity that contains a small amount of synovial fluid?
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Which type of joint is characterized by a suture between two bones?
Which type of joint is characterized by a suture between two bones?
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Study Notes
Articulation and Classification of Joints
- A joint is the place where a bone meets another bone, cartilage, or teeth, varying in stability and mobility.
- Joints are classified into three categories based on their structure: fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial.
Fibrous Joints
- Fibrous joints are held together by dense regular connective tissue.
- There are three specific types of fibrous joints: gomphoses, sutures, and syndesmosis.
Cartilaginous Joints
- Cartilaginous joints are bones attached by cartilage.
- There are two specific types of cartilaginous joints: synchondroses and symphyses.
Synovial Joints
- Synovial joints are freely mobile diarthroses.
- Articulating bones are separated by a joint cavity containing synovial fluid.
- Synovial joints have a general anatomy consisting of an articular capsule, joint cavity, and synovial fluid.
Accessory Structures of Synovial Joints
- Bursae are sacs outside most synovial joints where ligaments, muscle, tendons, and/or bones rub.
- Tendon sheaths are elongated bursae around tendons, particularly in confined areas.
- Fat pads are packing material that provides some protection.
Types of Synovial Joints
- Synovial joints are classified by the shapes of articulating surfaces and the amount of movement allowed.
- Uniaxial joints move in one plane or axis, biaxial joints move in two planes or axes, and multiaxial joints move in three planes or axes.
- The six classes of synovial joints, in order of increasing movement, are: plane joints, hinge joints, pivot joints, condylar joints, saddle joints, and ball-and-socket joints.
Movements of Synovial Joints
- Gliding motion involves articular surfaces sliding back and forth or side to side.
- Angular motion increases or decreases the angle between bones.
- Rotational motion involves a bone turning on its longitudinal axis.
- Special movements occur only at specific joints, including depression, elevation, dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, inversion, eversion, protraction, and retraction.
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Description
Learn about the structure and classification of joints, including their mobility and stability. Understand the different types of joints and their characteristics.
