Anatomy of Forearm Muscles
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the muscles in the posterior forearm?

  • Extension of the hand and digits (correct)
  • Flexion of the hand and digits
  • Pronation of the forearm
  • Supination of the forearm
  • Which muscle is responsible for extending the 5th digit?

  • Extensor digiti minimi (correct)
  • Abductor pollicis longus
  • Extensor digitorum
  • Extensor carpi radialis brevis
  • What is the name of the ligament that creates a 'socket' for the head of the radius?

  • Interosseous membrane
  • Ulnar collateral ligament
  • Annular ligament of radius (correct)
  • Radial collateral ligament
  • Which nerve innervates the muscles in the posterior forearm?

    <p>Radial nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the anatomical structure that contains the tendons of the extensor muscles?

    <p>Extensor retinaculum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscles are responsible for pronation of the forearm?

    <p>Pronator teres and pronator quadratus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the muscle that is responsible for supination of the forearm?

    <p>Supinator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the group of three muscles that move during pronation and supination?

    <p>The mobile wad</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for extending the thumb?

    <p>Extensor pollicis longus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the bursa that is located near the supinator muscle?

    <p>Bicipitoradial bursa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of most of the muscles mentioned in the content?

    <p>Medial epicondyle of the humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is absent in a significant percentage of the population?

    <p>Palmaris longus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is not visible in the forearm?

    <p>Flexor digitorum profundus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is not part of the Anterior Flexor compartment-superficial muscles?

    <p>Flexor digitorum profundus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common feature of the muscles mentioned in the content?

    <p>They all have a common origin on the medial epicondyle of the humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is responsible for flexion of the fingers?

    <p>Flexor digitorum profundus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nerve innervates the flexor pollicis longus muscle?

    <p>Median nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is not a branch of the brachial artery?

    <p>Dorsal scapular artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is innervated by the ulnar nerve and acts on the medial half of digits 4 and 5?

    <p>Flexor digitorum profundus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the joint that connects the distal end of the radius to the carpal bones?

    <p>Radiocarpal joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is not innervated by the median nerve?

    <p>Flexor digitorum profundus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main movement of the wrist joint that is allowed by the radiocarpal articulation?

    <p>Flexion and extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vein is not a branch of the brachial vein?

    <p>Dorsal venous network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is innervated by the ulnar nerve and acts on the interosseous muscles?

    <p>Adductor pollicis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the artery that forms the deep palmar arch?

    <p>Radial artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve innervates the pronator quadratus muscle?

    <p>Median nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is located in the superficial compartment of the forearm?

    <p>Flexor carpi radialis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle has a humero-ulnar head?

    <p>Flexor digitorum profundis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is located between the palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis?

    <p>Median nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle has a radial head?

    <p>Flexor digitorum profundis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is not part of the superficial compartment of the forearm?

    <p>Flexor pollicis longus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the median nerve and the flexor carpi radialis?

    <p>The median nerve lies between the palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many muscles are in the deep compartment of the forearm?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is not part of the common flexor origin?

    <p>Flexor pollicis longus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which carpal bone is most frequently fractured?

    <p>Scaphoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle contributes to flexion of the wrist?

    <p>Flexor carpi ulnaris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the artery that runs near the wrist and is commonly used to take a pulse?

    <p>Radial artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve passes through the carpal tunnel?

    <p>Median nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the fracture that occurs at the distal end of the radius and is characterized by a 'dinner fork' deformity?

    <p>Colles' Fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for abduction of the wrist?

    <p>Flexor carpi radialis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the structure that connects the base of the metacarpals?

    <p>Palmar aponeurosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for extension of the wrist?

    <p>Extensor carpi radialis longus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the bone that forms the medial aspect of the wrist joint?

    <p>Ulna</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for adduction of the wrist?

    <p>Extensor carpi ulnaris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Muscles of the Forearm

    • The anterior compartment of the forearm contains:
      • Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)
      • Flexor pollicis longus (FPL)
      • Pronator quadratus
      • Flexor carpi radialis (FCR)
      • Palmaris longus
      • Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU)
    • The median nerve innervates:
      • Pronator teres
      • Flexor carpi radialis
      • Palmaris longus
      • Flexor digitorum profundus (medial half to digits 4/5)
    • The ulnar nerve innervates:
      • Flexor carpi ulnaris
      • Flexor digitorum profundus (lateral half to digits 2/3)
      • Interossei
      • Adductor pollicis
      • Hypothenar muscles

    Arteries of the Forearm

    • The brachial artery divides into:
      • Radial artery
      • Ulnar artery
    • The radial artery divides into:
      • Radial artery superficial
      • Deep palmar arch
    • The ulnar artery divides into:
      • Ulnar artery superficial
      • Superficial palmar arch

    Veins of the Forearm

    • The brachial veins drain into:
      • Cephalic vein
      • Basilic vein
    • The radial veins drain into:
      • Cephalic vein
      • Median cubital vein
    • The ulnar veins drain into:
      • Basilic vein
      • Median cubital vein

    The Wrist Joint

    • The wrist joint is a radiocarpal joint that connects the forearm to the hand
    • The wrist joint allows for:
      • Flexion and extension
      • Rotation
      • Pronation and supination
    • The wrist joint is composed of:
      • Distal radius
      • Distal ulna
      • Carpus (wrist bones)

    Movements of the Wrist

    • Flexion: Flexor carpi radialis, Flexor carpi ulnaris, and Palmaris longus
    • Extension: Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, and Extensor carpi ulnaris
    • Abduction: Flexor carpi radialis, Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
    • Adduction: Extensor carpi ulnaris, Flexor carpi ulnaris

    Posterior Forearm (Extensor Compartment)

    • Contains:
      • Extensor digitorum
      • Extensor digiti minimi
      • Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
      • Extensor carpi ulnaris
      • Supinator
      • Abductor pollicis longus
      • Extensor pollicis longus and brevis
      • Extensor indicis
    • Innervated by the radial nerve

    Muscles of Pronation and Supination

    • Pronation:
      • Pronator teres
      • Pronator quadratus
      • Flexor carpi radialis
      • Palmaris longus
    • Supination:
      • Supinator
      • Biceps brachii

    The Mobile Wad

    • Consists of:
      • Brachioradialis
      • Extensor carpi radialis longus
      • Extensor carpi radialis brevis
    • These muscles move during pronation and supination

    The Anatomical Snuffbox

    • Contains:
      • Extensor pollicis longus
      • Extensor pollicis brevis
      • Radial artery
      • Extensor retinaculum

    Muscles and Neurovasculature

    • The median nerve lies between the palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis
    • The radial artery lies between the flexor carpi radialis and the radial styloid
    • The ulnar nerve lies between the flexor carpi ulnaris and the ulnar styloid

    Common Fractures at the Wrist Joint

    • Colles' fracture: a fracture of the distal end of the radius
    • Scaphoid fracture: a fracture of the scaphoid bone, the most frequently fractured carpal bone

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    Description

    This quiz covers the muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm, including their innervation by the median and ulnar nerves. Test your knowledge of the muscles and their nerve supply.

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