Anatomy of Coughing Reflex

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of hypaxial muscles in the neck?

  • Generating head movements
  • Controlling speech production
  • Aiding in breathing mechanisms
  • Supporting the cervical vertebrae (correct)

Which region of the body does the neck primarily serve as a transitional area between?

  • Face and shoulders
  • Head and chest (correct)
  • Torso and upper limbs
  • Thorax and abdomen

What is the main role of the sympathetic trunk in the neck?

  • Regulating voluntary muscle movements
  • Enhancing cognitive functions
  • Facilitating sensory perception
  • Controlling involuntary bodily functions (correct)

Which of the following is a function of the subclavian artery branches in the neck?

<p>Nourishing the upper extremities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In human anatomy, which structure is primarily responsible for draining lymph from the neck?

<p>Lymphatics of the neck (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the hypaxial muscles that distinguishes them from other muscle groups in the neck?

<p>Location primarily within the cervical region (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What muscles help push the diaphragm upward when you cough?

<p>The lateral abdominal muscles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the limb muscles originating from the rib cage aid in forced exhalation?

<p>They increase intraabdominal pressure to help expel air (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles are under voluntary control for respiration?

<p>The diaphragm and intercostal muscles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can a vigorous cough potentially cause a rupture?

<p>It can produce a sudden increase in intraabdominal pressure that may rupture a loop of intestine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can you observe by coughing with your hand thrust into your armpit?

<p>The surrounding shoulder muscles contracting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles receive no autonomic innervation?

<p>The diaphragm and intercostal muscles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of the musculature of the diaphragm?

<p>Hypaxial musculature that descended from the cervical region (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which spinal nerves contribute to the motor innervation of the diaphragm?

<p>C3, C4, and C5 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a spinal cord injury at the level of C5 affect breathing?

<p>It will not affect the diaphragm and may have little effect on breathing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the phrenic nerves located during early embryonic life?

<p>On the inner surface of the body wall (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical structures influence the positioning of the phrenic nerves during embryonic development?

<p>The common cardinal veins and the pleural cavities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the phrenic nerve?

<p>Motor innervation of the diaphragm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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