Anatomy of Coughing Reflex

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What is the primary function of hypaxial muscles in the neck?

Generating head movements

Controlling speech production

Aiding in breathing mechanisms

Supporting the cervical vertebrae (correct)

Which region of the body does the neck primarily serve as a transitional area between?

Face and shoulders

Head and chest (correct)

Torso and upper limbs

Thorax and abdomen

What is the main role of the sympathetic trunk in the neck?

Regulating voluntary muscle movements

Enhancing cognitive functions

Facilitating sensory perception

Controlling involuntary bodily functions (correct)

Which of the following is a function of the subclavian artery branches in the neck?

Nourishing the upper extremities Signup and view all the answers

In human anatomy, which structure is primarily responsible for draining lymph from the neck?

Lymphatics of the neck Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of the hypaxial muscles that distinguishes them from other muscle groups in the neck?

Location primarily within the cervical region Signup and view all the answers

What muscles help push the diaphragm upward when you cough?

The lateral abdominal muscles Signup and view all the answers

How do the limb muscles originating from the rib cage aid in forced exhalation?

They increase intraabdominal pressure to help expel air Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles are under voluntary control for respiration?

The diaphragm and intercostal muscles Signup and view all the answers

How can a vigorous cough potentially cause a rupture?

It can produce a sudden increase in intraabdominal pressure that may rupture a loop of intestine Signup and view all the answers

What can you observe by coughing with your hand thrust into your armpit?

The surrounding shoulder muscles contracting Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles receive no autonomic innervation?

The diaphragm and intercostal muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of the musculature of the diaphragm?

Hypaxial musculature that descended from the cervical region Signup and view all the answers

Which spinal nerves contribute to the motor innervation of the diaphragm?

C3, C4, and C5 Signup and view all the answers

How does a spinal cord injury at the level of C5 affect breathing?

It will not affect the diaphragm and may have little effect on breathing Signup and view all the answers

Where are the phrenic nerves located during early embryonic life?

On the inner surface of the body wall Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical structures influence the positioning of the phrenic nerves during embryonic development?

The common cardinal veins and the pleural cavities Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the phrenic nerve?

Motor innervation of the diaphragm Signup and view all the answers