Podcast
Questions and Answers
how blood drains into the right and left internal jugular veins?
how blood drains into the right and left internal jugular veins?
- by 3 sets of veins
- by 2 sets of veins
- by collateral veins (correct)
- by deep veins
In how many patients is the flow in the right internal jugular vein greater than in the left?
In how many patients is the flow in the right internal jugular vein greater than in the left?
- Approximately 50%
- Approximately 65% (correct)
- Approximately 30%
- Approximately 40%
What may have implications for the insertion of jugular venous catheters for measuring jugular venous oxygen saturation?
What may have implications for the insertion of jugular venous catheters for measuring jugular venous oxygen saturation?
- Veins within the pia mater
- Considerable asymmetry in blood flow between internal jugular veins (correct)
- Asymmetry in arterial blood flow
- Variability in the anatomy of the circle of Willis
Where are the superficial cortical veins located?
Where are the superficial cortical veins located?
What shows substantial variability in its anatomy and a significant proportion may be incomplete?
What shows substantial variability in its anatomy and a significant proportion may be incomplete?
Which vein is advocated as the dominant one for accurate measurement of jugular venous oxygen saturation through catheter insertion?
Which vein is advocated as the dominant one for accurate measurement of jugular venous oxygen saturation through catheter insertion?
Which arteries make up the anterior circulation in the brain?
Which arteries make up the anterior circulation in the brain?
What is formed by connecting the two vertebral arteries?
What is formed by connecting the two vertebral arteries?
What is the purpose of the circle of Willis in the brain?
What is the purpose of the circle of Willis in the brain?
Which vessels connect to form a vascular loop at the base of the brain?
Which vessels connect to form a vascular loop at the base of the brain?
What happens under normal circumstances regarding blood admixing in the anterior and posterior circulations?
What happens under normal circumstances regarding blood admixing in the anterior and posterior circulations?
In pathologic circumstances with occlusion, what role can the circle of Willis play?
In pathologic circumstances with occlusion, what role can the circle of Willis play?
Which arteries make up the posterior circulation in the brain?
Which arteries make up the posterior circulation in the brain?
which artery complete the loop of the circle of Willis
which artery complete the loop of the circle of Willis
how many arteries that originate from the circle of Willis perfuse the brain
how many arteries that originate from the circle of Willis perfuse the brain
which circulations contribute more to the circle of Willis.
which circulations contribute more to the circle of Willis.
How is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) primarily produced in the brain?
How is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) primarily produced in the brain?
What is the main route for CSF reabsorption?
What is the main route for CSF reabsorption?
Which factor influences the daily production of CSF?
Which factor influences the daily production of CSF?
What is the approximate total daily production of CSF?
What is the approximate total daily production of CSF?
In what manner does a smaller proportion of CSF gain access to the cerebral venous system?
In what manner does a smaller proportion of CSF gain access to the cerebral venous system?
What concept has been advanced recently as a means of waste product removal from the brain?
What concept has been advanced recently as a means of waste product removal from the brain?
What effect do volatile anesthetic agents have on glymphatic transport?
What effect do volatile anesthetic agents have on glymphatic transport?
Which brain region has approximately 4 times greater local cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolic rate compared to white matter?
Which brain region has approximately 4 times greater local cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolic rate compared to white matter?
What percentage of the brain's energy consumption is dedicated to supporting electrophysiologic function?
What percentage of the brain's energy consumption is dedicated to supporting electrophysiologic function?
What role do glial cells play in brain function?
What role do glial cells play in brain function?
Which area within the brain has the highest oxygen consumption rate at rest?
Which area within the brain has the highest oxygen consumption rate at rest?
What physiological mechanism ensures that blood flow in the brain is not excessive?
What physiological mechanism ensures that blood flow in the brain is not excessive?
What part of the brain is responsible for about 20% of total body oxygen utilization?
What part of the brain is responsible for about 20% of total body oxygen utilization?
During which states is glymphatic transport and waste clearance increased?
During which states is glymphatic transport and waste clearance increased?
'Approximately 60% of the brain’s energy consumption supports electrophysiologic function.' What makes up the remaining energy consumption?
'Approximately 60% of the brain’s energy consumption supports electrophysiologic function.' What makes up the remaining energy consumption?
What is the glymphatic system's primary function within the brain?
What is the glymphatic system's primary function within the brain?
peak production of CSF occurs during?
peak production of CSF occurs during?
glymphatic pathway is a system which remove waste products from the brain. CSF enters the periarterial space and then the brain parenchyma. how this process is facilitated?
glymphatic pathway is a system which remove waste products from the brain. CSF enters the periarterial space and then the brain parenchyma. how this process is facilitated?
CSF production is the result of
CSF production is the result of
which anesthetic drug has the least effect on glymphatic transport
which anesthetic drug has the least effect on glymphatic transport
Anesthetic drugs cause
Anesthetic drugs cause
What percentage of total body oxygen utilization is represented by whole-brain oxygen consumption?
What percentage of total body oxygen utilization is represented by whole-brain oxygen consumption?
What is the average oxygen consumption rate per 100g of brain tissue at rest?
What is the average oxygen consumption rate per 100g of brain tissue at rest?
What is the range for global cerebral blood flow (CBF) in mL/100g/min?
What is the range for global cerebral blood flow (CBF) in mL/100g/min?
What is the range for the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) in mL/100g/min?
What is the range for the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) in mL/100g/min?
What is the range for cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) in mm Hg/100 g/min/mL?
What is the range for cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) in mm Hg/100 g/min/mL?
What percentage of total body oxygen utilization is represented by whole-brain oxygen consumption?
What percentage of total body oxygen utilization is represented by whole-brain oxygen consumption?
What is the range for global cerebral blood flow (CBF) in mL/100g/min?
What is the range for global cerebral blood flow (CBF) in mL/100g/min?
What is the approximate range for the blood flow rate in the subcortical (mostly white matter) ?
What is the approximate range for the blood flow rate in the subcortical (mostly white matter) ?
What is the range for cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) in mm Hg/100 g/min/mL?
What is the range for cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) in mm Hg/100 g/min/mL?
What is the approximate range for the cortical cerebral blood flow (CBF) in mL/100g/min?
What is the approximate range for the cortical cerebral blood flow (CBF) in mL/100g/min?
adult brain weighs approx ?
adult brain weighs approx ?
how much adult brain receive from the total cardiac output?
how much adult brain receive from the total cardiac output?
