Anatomy Lecture 5: Autonomic Nervous System
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?

  • To control voluntary skeletal muscle movement
  • To regulate the activities of internal organs and glands (correct)
  • To facilitate communication between the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system
  • To process and interpret sensory information from the environment

    • Which of the following is a key difference between the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system?

  • The somatic nervous system uses acetylcholine as its neurotransmitter, while the autonomic nervous system uses norepinephrine.
  • The somatic nervous system is under voluntary control, while the autonomic nervous system is under involuntary control.
  • The somatic nervous system innervates skeletal muscle, while the autonomic nervous system innervates cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands.
  • The somatic nervous system has only one neuron between the central nervous system and the effector organ, while the autonomic nervous system has two neurons. (correct)

    • What is the primary function of the preganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system?

  • To transmit sensory information from the internal organs to the central nervous system
  • To release acetylcholine and stimulate the postganglionic neurons in the autonomic ganglia (correct)
  • To receive and process signals from the central nervous system and relay them to the effector organs
  • To synthesize and release norepinephrine, the primary neurotransmitter of the autonomic nervous system

    • Which division of the autonomic nervous system is primarily responsible for the 'rest and digest' functions of the body?

    <p>The parasympathetic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neuron in the autonomic nervous system has a cell body located in the central nervous system and projects to the autonomic ganglia?

    <p>Preganglionic neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the visceral afferent fibers in the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>To relay sensory information from the internal organs to the central nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key characteristic of the postganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>They project directly to the effector organs without synapsing in the autonomic ganglia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the preganglionic and postganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system differ in terms of myelination?

    <p>Preganglionic neurons are heavily myelinated, while postganglionic neurons are lightly myelinated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which division of the autonomic nervous system is primarily responsible for the 'fight or flight' response?

    <p>The sympathetic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary neurotransmitter released by the postganglionic neurons in the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>The sympathetic division is responsible for the 'rest and digest' functions, while the parasympathetic division is responsible for the 'fight or flight' response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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