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Questions and Answers
What is the term for the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body?
What is the term for the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body?
Which plane divides the body into right and left halves?
Which plane divides the body into right and left halves?
What is the term for the movement where the angle between two segments increases?
What is the term for the movement where the angle between two segments increases?
Which axis is an imaginary line running down the center of the body?
Which axis is an imaginary line running down the center of the body?
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What is the term for the movement where the angle between two segments decreases?
What is the term for the movement where the angle between two segments decreases?
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In which plane does rotation take place?
In which plane does rotation take place?
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What is the term for the movement of a body part towards the midline of the body?
What is the term for the movement of a body part towards the midline of the body?
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Which plane divides the body into front and back portions?
Which plane divides the body into front and back portions?
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What direction is the movement of the body part when the angle between two segments decreases?
What direction is the movement of the body part when the angle between two segments decreases?
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In which plane does the movement of abduction and adduction take place?
In which plane does the movement of abduction and adduction take place?
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What is the term for the direction towards the belly of the body?
What is the term for the direction towards the belly of the body?
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What is the term for the direction towards the middle of the body?
What is the term for the direction towards the middle of the body?
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What is the plane that divides the body into top and bottom halves?
What is the plane that divides the body into top and bottom halves?
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What is the term for the direction away from the surface of the body?
What is the term for the direction away from the surface of the body?
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What is the axis that is an imaginary line running from the anterior to the posterior side of the body?
What is the axis that is an imaginary line running from the anterior to the posterior side of the body?
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What is the plane that divides the body into front and back portions?
What is the plane that divides the body into front and back portions?
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Study Notes
Anatomical Directions
- Anterior refers to the front of the body
- Posterior refers to the back of the body
- Dorsal refers to the area along the vertebral (back) column
- Ventral refers to the area along the belly (front)
- Medial refers to the area toward the middle of the body, away from the side
- Lateral refers to the area away from the middle of the body, on the outer side
- Inferior refers to the lower part of the body, farther from the head
- Superior refers to the higher part of the body, nearer to the head
Anatomical Planes
- Midline is an imaginary line dividing the body into right and left halves
- Sagittal Plane is a vertical plane dividing the head and torso into right and left equal parts, along the midline
- Transverse Plane is a horizontal plane dividing the body into top and bottom halves
- Frontal Plane is a vertical plane dividing the body into front and back portions (anterior and posterior)
Movements and Actions
- Extension occurs when the angle between two segments increases
- Flexion occurs when the angle between two segments decreases
- Abduction occurs when a body part moves away from the midline of the body (e.g., arms and legs)
- Adduction occurs when a body part moves toward the midline of the body (e.g., arms and legs)
- Rotation occurs when a body part rotates away from or towards the center
- Extension and flexion occur in the Sagittal Plane
- Abduction and adduction occur in the Frontal Plane
- Rotation occurs in the Transverse Plane
Axes of Rotation
- Longitudinal Axis is an imaginary line running down the center of the body (vertical), rotating in the Transverse Plane (pirouette)
- Anteroposterior Axis is an imaginary line running from the anterior to the posterior side of the body, rotating in the Frontal Plane (cartwheel)
- Horizontal Axis is an imaginary line separating the superior and inferior half of the body (horizontal), rotating in the Sagittal Plane (flip)
Other Anatomical Terms
- Pronation occurs when the arm and forearm are turned inwards
- Supination occurs when the arm and forearm are turned outwards
- Dorsiflexion occurs when the toes are pointed towards the shin
- Plantar Flexion occurs when the toes are pointed away from the shin
- Inversion occurs when the sole moves towards the median plane
- Eversion occurs when the sole moves away from the median plane
- Supine refers to lying on the back
- Prone refers to lying flat, face down
Anatomical Directions
- Anterior refers to the front of the body
- Posterior refers to the back of the body
- Dorsal refers to the area along the vertebral column (back)
- Ventral refers to the area along the belly (front)
- Medial refers to the direction toward the middle of the body, away from the side
- Lateral refers to the direction away from the middle of the body, on the outer side
- Inferior refers to the lower part of the body, farther from the head
- Superior refers to the higher part of the body, nearer to the head
- Proximal refers to the direction closer to the point of attachment
- Distal refers to the direction away from the point of attachment
- Deep refers to the area away from the body surface, more internal
- Superficial refers to the area near the surface of the body
Planes of the Body
- Midline is an imaginary line drawn down the center of the body, dividing it into right and left halves
- Sagittal Plane is a vertical plane that divides the head and torso into right and left equal parts, along the midline
- Transverse Plane is a horizontal plane that divides the body into a top half and a bottom half
- Frontal Plane divides the body into front and back portions (anterior and posterior)
Movements and Axes
- Extension occurs when the angle between two segments increases
- Flexion occurs when the angle between two segments decreases
- Abduction occurs when a movement is away from the midline of the body (arms and legs)
- Adduction occurs when a movement is toward the midline of the body (arms and legs)
- Rotation occurs when rotating away or towards the center, it can be internal or external
- Extension and flexion happen in the Sagittal Plane
- Abduction and adduction happen in the Frontal Plane
- Rotation happens in the Transverse Plane
- Longitudinal Axis is an imaginary line running down the center of the body (vertical), rotating in the Transverse Plane
- Anteroposterior Axis is an imaginary line running from the anterior to the posterior side of the body, rotating in the Frontal Plane
- Horizontal Axis is an imaginary line that separates the superior and inferior half of the body (horizontal), rotating in the Sagittal Plane
Additional Terms
- Pronation occurs when the arm and forearm are turned inwards
- Supination occurs when the arm and forearm are turned outward
- Dorsiflexion occurs when the toes are pointed towards the shin
- Plantar Flexion occurs when the toes are pointed away from the shin
- Inversion occurs when the sole moves towards the median plane
- Eversion occurs when the sole moves away from the median plane
- Supine refers to lying on the back
- Prone refers to lying flat, face down
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Description
Learn the directions and orientations of the human body, including anterior, posterior, dorsal, and more.
