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Questions and Answers
BLANK lubricates the articular cartilage of articulating bones in a synovial joint.
BLANK lubricates the articular cartilage of articulating bones in a synovial joint.
synovial fluid
The patella moves along the patellar surface of the femur in the BLANK joint.
The patella moves along the patellar surface of the femur in the BLANK joint.
patellofemoral
Occurs when the forearm rotates laterally so the palm faces anteriorly or superiorly.
Occurs when the forearm rotates laterally so the palm faces anteriorly or superiorly.
supination
Select any examples of plane joints. (Select all that apply)
Select any examples of plane joints. (Select all that apply)
BLANK means to 'move away' and is a lateral movement of a body part away from the body midline.
BLANK means to 'move away' and is a lateral movement of a body part away from the body midline.
The BLANK joint is the articulation formed at the point where the head of the mandible articulates with the tubercle of the temporal bone anteriorly and mandibular fossa posteriorly.
The BLANK joint is the articulation formed at the point where the head of the mandible articulates with the tubercle of the temporal bone anteriorly and mandibular fossa posteriorly.
____ is the medial rotation of the forearm so that the palm of the hand is directed posteriorly or interiorly.
____ is the medial rotation of the forearm so that the palm of the hand is directed posteriorly or interiorly.
Match the type of joints with their relative mobility (1 being least mobile and 4 being most mobile):
Match the type of joints with their relative mobility (1 being least mobile and 4 being most mobile):
Which are examples of hinge joints? (Select all that apply)
Which are examples of hinge joints? (Select all that apply)
Which are classified as a ball-and-socket joint? (Select all that apply)
Which are classified as a ball-and-socket joint? (Select all that apply)
BLANK is the movement in an anterior-posterior plane that increases the angle between the articulating bones.
BLANK is the movement in an anterior-posterior plane that increases the angle between the articulating bones.
In the talocrural joint, the medial and lateral BLANK of the tibia and fibula keep the talus from sliding side to side.
In the talocrural joint, the medial and lateral BLANK of the tibia and fibula keep the talus from sliding side to side.
Define abduction.
Define abduction.
Define adduction.
Define adduction.
What is circumduction?
What is circumduction?
A BLANK joint has a fluid-filled joint cavity between articulating surfaces of the bones.
A BLANK joint has a fluid-filled joint cavity between articulating surfaces of the bones.
True or false: The only gomphosis in the human body is between the radius and the ulna.
True or false: The only gomphosis in the human body is between the radius and the ulna.
BLANK is movement in an anterior-posterior plane that decreases the angle between the articulating bones.
BLANK is movement in an anterior-posterior plane that decreases the angle between the articulating bones.
In synovial joints, the bone surfaces are covered by a thin layer of hyaline cartilage called the BLANK.
In synovial joints, the bone surfaces are covered by a thin layer of hyaline cartilage called the BLANK.
Which is a joint in which articulating bones are joined by long strands of dense regular connective tissue?
Which is a joint in which articulating bones are joined by long strands of dense regular connective tissue?
BLANK means 'move toward' and is the medial movement of a body part toward the midline of the body.
BLANK means 'move toward' and is the medial movement of a body part toward the midline of the body.
BLANK is the extension of a joint beyond 180 degrees.
BLANK is the extension of a joint beyond 180 degrees.
BLANK are immobile (synarthrotic) fibrous joints that are found between the bones of the skull.
BLANK are immobile (synarthrotic) fibrous joints that are found between the bones of the skull.
Which is a location of synchondrosis?
Which is a location of synchondrosis?
BLANK rotation turns the anterior surface of the femur or humerus ______ly.
BLANK rotation turns the anterior surface of the femur or humerus ______ly.
Fibrocartilage of a BLANK resists compression and acts as a shock absorber.
Fibrocartilage of a BLANK resists compression and acts as a shock absorber.
BLANK connect bones together and reinforce most synovial joints.
BLANK connect bones together and reinforce most synovial joints.
How is a gomphosis characterized in terms of movement?
How is a gomphosis characterized in terms of movement?
Which are injured in the 'unhappy triad' of knee injuries? (Select all that apply)
Which are injured in the 'unhappy triad' of knee injuries? (Select all that apply)
BLANK is movement in an anterior-posterior plane that decreases the angle between the articulating bones.
BLANK is movement in an anterior-posterior plane that decreases the angle between the articulating bones.
BLANK involves turning the sole of the foot medially.
BLANK involves turning the sole of the foot medially.
BLANK is a sequence of movements in which the proximal end of the appendage remains relatively stationary while the distal end makes a circular motion.
BLANK is a sequence of movements in which the proximal end of the appendage remains relatively stationary while the distal end makes a circular motion.
The ligament that supports the knee on the medial side is called the BLANK ligament.
The ligament that supports the knee on the medial side is called the BLANK ligament.
BLANK occurs when the ankle joint is bent such that the superior surface of the foot and toes moves toward the leg.
BLANK occurs when the ankle joint is bent such that the superior surface of the foot and toes moves toward the leg.
BLANK occurs when the trunk of the body moves in a coronal plane laterally away from the body.
BLANK occurs when the trunk of the body moves in a coronal plane laterally away from the body.
BLANK flexion occurs when a ballerina stands on her tiptoes.
BLANK flexion occurs when a ballerina stands on her tiptoes.
A(n) BLANK partitions the sternoclavicular joint into two separate synovial cavities, increasing the mobility of the joint.
A(n) BLANK partitions the sternoclavicular joint into two separate synovial cavities, increasing the mobility of the joint.
When the thumb moves toward the tips of the fingers as it crosses the palm of the hand, it is called BLANK.
When the thumb moves toward the tips of the fingers as it crosses the palm of the hand, it is called BLANK.
Joints associated with movement of the shoulder include the sternoclavicular joint, the acromioclavicular joint, and the BLANK joint.
Joints associated with movement of the shoulder include the sternoclavicular joint, the acromioclavicular joint, and the BLANK joint.
The most common type of ankle sprain is due to ______ or over-eversion.
The most common type of ankle sprain is due to ______ or over-eversion.
The deltoid ligament is also called the BLANK ligament.
The deltoid ligament is also called the BLANK ligament.
The BLANK reflect around the neck of the femur to provide additional stability to the hip joint capsule.
The BLANK reflect around the neck of the femur to provide additional stability to the hip joint capsule.
There is a 'trade off' between what two factors in every joint?
There is a 'trade off' between what two factors in every joint?
BLANK are designed to alleviate the friction resulting from various body movements.
BLANK are designed to alleviate the friction resulting from various body movements.
Which is categorized as a symphysis? (Select all that apply)
Which is categorized as a symphysis? (Select all that apply)
BLANK are often found distributed along the periphery of synovial joints and act as packing material to provide protection for the joint.
BLANK are often found distributed along the periphery of synovial joints and act as packing material to provide protection for the joint.
The acromioclavicular joint is strengthened by two ligaments, the BLANK ligament and the BLANK ligament.
The acromioclavicular joint is strengthened by two ligaments, the BLANK ligament and the BLANK ligament.
The most common type of arthritis is BLANK.
The most common type of arthritis is BLANK.
Most costochondral joints between the ribs and the costal cartilage are classified as what type of joints?
Most costochondral joints between the ribs and the costal cartilage are classified as what type of joints?
True or false: The ACL is rather weak compared to the other knee ligaments.
True or false: The ACL is rather weak compared to the other knee ligaments.
Study Notes
Synovial Joints and Joint Functions
- Synovial fluid lubricates articular cartilage, reducing friction in synovial joints.
- The patella moves along the femur in the patellofemoral joint, essential for knee movement.
- The temporomandibular joint connects the mandible to the temporal bone, allowing jaw movement.
- Synovial joints have a fluid-filled cavity and are characterized by the presence of articular cartilage.
Types of Joint Movements
- Supination is the lateral rotation of the forearm, turning the palm upward, while pronation is the medial rotation, turning the palm downward.
- Abduction refers to moving a limb away from the midline, whereas adduction brings it closer to the midline.
- Flexion decreases the angle between bones, and extension increases it.
- Circumduction is a circular movement combining flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.
Joint Classifications and Examples
- Hinge joints include the knee, elbow, and interphalangeal joints, allowing flexion and extension.
- Ball-and-socket joints, like the glenohumeral and hip joints, allow for a full range of movements.
- Plane joints, such as intertarsal and intercarpal joints, allow small gliding movements.
- Syndesmosis joints connect bones with dense regular connective tissue, while sutures are immobile fibrous joints found in the skull.
Joint Features and Ligaments
- Ligaments connect bones and reinforce joint stability; the tibial collateral ligament supports the knee medially.
- Bursae are fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction in joints, while fat pads provide cushioning.
- The articular disc partitions the sternoclavicular joint, increasing its mobility.
Clinical Considerations
- The "unhappy triad" of knee injuries commonly involves the medial meniscus, tibial collateral ligament, and anterior cruciate ligament.
- Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent type of arthritis, often affecting synovial joints.
- Common sprains, especially in the ankle, arise from over-inversion or over-eversion.
Specialized Movements
- Dorsiflexion raises the foot toward the leg, while plantar flexion lowers it as seen in tiptoeing.
- Inversion turns the sole of the foot medially, while lateral flexion refers to the trunk bending sideways.
- Opposition occurs when the thumb moves towards the fingers' tips, facilitating grasping motions.
Developmental Aspects
- Synchondroses, such as the epiphyseal plate, are cartilaginous joints critical for growth.
- Mobility and stability often trade off in joint design; more mobile joints tend to be less stable.
Miscellaneous Facts
- The ACL is weaker compared to other knee ligaments, emphasizing the need for injury prevention strategies.
- Fat pads are present around synovial joints for protection and cushioning during movement.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge on articulations in the human body with these flashcards from Anatomy Chapter 9. This quiz covers key terms such as synovial joints, patellofemoral joints, and movements like supination. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of joint anatomy.
