Anatomy Chapter 8: Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards

Tibia and Fibula

• The flat surface of the tibia that articulates with the femur consists of the medial and lateral condyles.
• The fibula is located laterally to the tibia.
• The medial malleolus is a noticeable bump on the medial surface of the ankle.
• The tibia articulates with the femur at its proximal end.
• The tibial tuberosity is a blunt elevation on the anterior surface of the tibia, situated between the medial and lateral condyles.
• The tibia forms the medial portion of the leg.

Humerus

• The greater tubercle is an anatomical landmark on the proximal end of the humerus.
• The olecranon fossa is a depression located on the posterior surface of the distal humerus.
• The trochlea is the region of the humerus that articulates with the ulna, situated between the medial epicondyle and capitulum.
• The lateral epicondyle is found on the distal end of the humerus.
• The head of the humerus articulates with the scapula, forming the shoulder joint.
• The humerus is part of the appendicular skeleton.

Foot Anatomy

• The talus is the tarsal bone that articulates with the tibia and fibula.
• There are a total of 7 tarsal bones in the foot.
• The calcaneus is anatomically referred to as the "heel bone."
• The metatarsals make up the middle portion of the foot.
• Only the first digit (big toe) contains two phalanges.
• A phalanx is classified as a long bone.

Hip Bone Structure

• The adult hip bone consists of 3 distinct regions.
• The auricular surface of the ilium articulates with the sacrum.
• The ischial tuberosity is a landmark of the hip bone that can be felt when sitting.
• The greater sciatic notch is an indentation inferior and lateral to the auricular surface.
• The ilium is identified as the largest region of the hip bone.
• The acetabulum serves as the articulation site for the femur.
• The obturator foramen is a large hole in the hip bone.
• The iliac crest is the ridge-like superior edge of the ilium.
• The hip bone articulates with the sacral region of the vertebral column.
• The pubic tubercles can be palpated on the anterior surface, near the midline.

Miscellaneous Facts

• The palpable projections of the hip bone at the front of the body are not the posterior inferior iliac spines.
• The ischial spine is the projection at the inferior end of the greater sciatic notch.
• The hip bone is part of the appendicular skeleton, not the axial skeleton.
• The radius is located laterally in reference to the ulna.
• The head of the radius articulates with the ulna.
• The styloid process of the radius helps form the wrist joint.
• The radius is closest to the first digit (the thumb).
• A pivot joint is formed between the radius and ulna.
• Supination movement is enabled by the articulation between the radius and ulna at the elbow.
• The pectoral girdle connects the upper limb to the axial skeleton.
• The arm consists of one long bone, which is the humerus.
• A pelvis that is wide and shallow with small, far-apart acetabula and a rounded pubic arch suggests a specific anatomical classification.