Questions and Answers
What type of bone is the kneecap based on its shape?
What two bones make up the forearm?
Radius and ulna
What is the elbow known as?
Olecranon process of the ulna
What two bones make up the pectoral girdle?
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What prevents overextension of the elbow?
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What is known as the keystone of the face?
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Which bones form the roof of the nasal cavity?
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Which of the following are moveable bones in the cranium?
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What bone do the muscles of the tongue attach to?
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What is another name for the breastbone?
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What is the meaning of the word 'fontanelles'?
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What type of lever is represented by shaking the head yes?
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What type of lever is involved in bending the arm at the elbow?
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What is the fossa in the scapula where the head of the humerus fits called?
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What is the most lateral bone in the lower leg?
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What is the most medial bone of the forearm?
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What are the anterior most bones found in the roof of the mouth?
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What bones are linked by the pubis symphysis?
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Which of the following are the bones of the ear?
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What is the anatomic name for the jaw?
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What do the olfactory fibers pass through as they leave the cranium?
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What is the name for the vertebrae below the ribs?
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What is another name for the shoulder girdle?
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How many vertebrae are in the adult skeleton?
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How many bones are in the skull?
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What is the name of the only movable bone of the face?
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What structures hold bone to bone?
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What structure holds muscle to bone?
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What prefix means bone?
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What is the term for a cushioning pad at a joint?
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Which is the only bone not forming a joint with another bone?
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What term describes a bone marking that is the ball of the ball and socket joint?
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What is a bone marking which is a deep narrow channel through bone called?
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How many coccygeal vertebrae are there in a fetus?
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What is the name of the first cervical vertebrae?
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Study Notes
Bones and Their Functions
- Sesamoid Bone: The kneecap is categorized as a sesamoid bone due to its shape.
- Forearm Composition: The forearm consists of the radius and ulna, two essential bones.
- Olecranon Process: The elbow joint is referred to as the olecranon process of the ulna.
- Pectoral Girdle: The clavicle and scapula are the two main bones forming the pectoral girdle.
- Olecranon Fossa: This depression in the humerus prevents overextension of the elbow.
Facial and Cranial Bones
- Maxilla: Known as the keystone bone of the face, playing a crucial role in facial structure.
- Nasacavity Roof: The ethmoid and sphenoid bones combine to form the roof of the nasal cavity.
- Ear Bones: The incus, stapes, and malleus are the three movable bones located in the inner ear.
Unique Bone Characteristics
- Hyoid Bone: Supports the muscles of the tongue and does not articulate with any other bone.
- Sternum: Commonly known as the breastbone, it is central to the rib cage.
- Fontanelles: Term meaning "little fountain," referring to soft spots on an infant's skull.
Lever Systems in Movement
- First Class Lever: The "yes" shaking motion of the head acts as a first class lever.
- Third Class Lever: Bending the arm at the elbow is an example of a third class lever.
Joint Features
- Glenoid Fossa: A cavity in the scapula where the humerus fits, crucial for shoulder joint function.
- Meniscus: A cushioning pad found in joints, aiding in shock absorption.
Skeletal Structure and Composition
- Fibula: The most lateral bone of the lower leg, alongside the tibia.
- Ulna: The most medial bone of the forearm, important for forearm structure.
- Pubis: Bones joined at the pubis symphysis, integral to the pelvis.
- Mandible: The only movable bone of the face, allowing for jaw movement.
Vertebral Anatomy
- Lumbar Vertebrae: Refers to the vertebrae located below the ribs.
- Coccygeal Vertebrae: There are four coccygeal vertebrae present in fetal development.
Basic Counts and Terminology
- Vertebrae Count: An adult skeleton contains 26 vertebrae in total.
- Skull Bones: The human skull comprises 14 bones.
- Osteo Prefix: The prefix "osteo" signifies anything related to bone.
- Ligaments and Tendons: Ligaments connect bone to bone, while tendons connect muscle to bone.
Bone Markings
- Head: A bone marking that denotes the ball of a ball-and-socket joint.
- Meatus: A bone marking characterized as a deep narrow channel through bone.
Cranial Features
- Criciform Plate: Olfactory fibers pass through this plate when exiting the cranium.
- Atlas: This is the name given to the first cervical vertebra, critical for neck mobility.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards on key terms and definitions from Anatomy Chapter 6. This practice test covers essential bone structures and functions, helping you reinforce your understanding of the skeletal system.
