Anatomy Chapter 1 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What does the Axial Portion include?

Head (correct)

Lower limbs

Upper limbs

Neck and trunk (correct)

What is the definition of the Appendicular Portion?

The part of the body that includes the upper and lower limbs.

What is contained within the Cranial Cavity?

The brain.

What does the Vertebral Canal house?

The spinal cord. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Thoracic Cavity responsible for housing?

The lungs. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Abdominopelvic Cavity contain?

Viscera, including organs in the abdominal and pelvic cavity. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Diaphragm?

It separates the thoracic cavity from the lower abdominal cavity and aids in respiration. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Mediastinum?

A region between the lungs in the thoracic cavity. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Abdominal Cavity contain?

The stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, and intestines. Signup and view all the answers

What is found in the Pelvic Cavity?

The terminal end of the large intestine, urinary bladder, and internal reproductive organs. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Oral Cavity?

The cavity that contains teeth and the tongue. Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Nasal Cavity located?

In the nose, divided by a nasal septum. Signup and view all the answers

What do the Orbital Cavities contain?

The eyes and associated skeletal muscles and nerves. Signup and view all the answers

What is contained in the Middle Ear Cavities?

The middle ear bones. Signup and view all the answers

What are Serous Membranes?

Membranes that line and cover organs within the thoracic and abdominal cavities. Signup and view all the answers

What do the Parietal Pleura do?

They line the right and left thoracic compartments. Signup and view all the answers

What do Pericardial Membranes surround?

The heart. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Peritoneal Membranes?

They are located in the abdominopelvic cavity. Signup and view all the answers

What are hormones?

Chemical messengers in the endocrine system. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Anatomical Position?

The body is standing erect, face forward, upper limbs at sides, palms forward. Signup and view all the answers

What does Superior mean in anatomical terms?

A part is above another part or closer to the head. Signup and view all the answers

What does Inferior indicate?

A part is below another part or toward the feet. Signup and view all the answers

What does Anterior mean?

Toward the front. Signup and view all the answers

What does Posterior refer to?

Toward the back. Signup and view all the answers

What does Medial mean?

Closer to the midline of the body. Signup and view all the answers

What does Lateral mean?

Toward the side relative to the midline. Signup and view all the answers

What does Bilateral mean?

Paired structures on each side. Signup and view all the answers

What does Ipsilateral refer to?

Structures on the same side. Signup and view all the answers

What does Contralateral mean?

Structures on the opposite side. Signup and view all the answers

What does Proximal mean?

Closer to the trunk or specified point of reference. Signup and view all the answers

What does Distal mean?

Farther from the trunk or specified point of reference. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Epidermis?

The superficial layer of the skin. Signup and view all the answers

What does Peripheral or Superficial mean?

Outward or near the surface. Signup and view all the answers

What does Deep refer to?

More internal parts. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Sagittal cut?

A lengthwise cut that divides the body into right and left portions. Signup and view all the answers

What does a Transverse cut divide?

The body into superior and inferior portions. Signup and view all the answers

What does a Frontal cut divide?

The body into anterior and posterior portions. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Cross Section?

A cut across the body. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Epigastric Region?

The upper middle portion of the human body. Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Left Hypochondriac Region located?

On the left of the epigastric region. Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Right Hypochondriac Region located?

On the right of the epigastric region. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Umbilical Region refer to?

The central portion of the body. Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Left Lumbar Region?

On the left side of the umbilical region. Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Right Lumbar Region?

On the right side of the umbilical region. Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Hypogastric Region located?

The lower middle portion of the body. Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Left Iliac Region?

On the left side of the hypogastric region. Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Right Iliac Region located?

On the right side of the hypogastric region. Signup and view all the answers

What does RUQ stand for?

Right Upper Quadrant. Signup and view all the answers

What does RLQ refer to?

Right Lower Quadrant. Signup and view all the answers

What does LUQ stand for?

Left Upper Quadrant. Signup and view all the answers

What does LLQ stand for?

Left Lower Quadrant. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Body Organization

The human body is divided into the Axial Portion (head, neck, trunk) and Appendicular Portion (upper and lower limbs).
Major cavities include the cranial cavity (houses the brain), vertebral canal (encloses the spinal cord), thoracic cavity (contains lungs), and abdominopelvic cavity (holds internal organs).

Cavity Descriptions

Cranial Cavity: Part of the axial portion that protects the brain.
Vertebral Canal: Encloses the spinal cord, surrounded by vertebrae.
Thoracic Cavity: Contains lungs and is separated by the diaphragm from the abdominopelvic cavity.
Abdominopelvic Cavity: Houses digestive organs, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs.

Membranes and Structures

Diaphragm: A muscle separating thoracic and abdominal cavities that moves during breathing.
Mediastinum: Area between the lungs that contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus.
Serous Membranes: Line thoracic and abdominal cavities, secreting fluid to reduce friction and protect organs.

Terminology in Anatomy

Anatomical Position: Standing with face forward, upper limbs at sides, and palms facing forward.
Directional Terms:
- Superior: Above another part.
- Inferior: Below another part.
- Anterior (Ventral): Front side.
- Posterior (Dorsal): Back side.
- Medial: Closer to the midline.
- Lateral: Farther from the midline.
- Bilateral: Paired structures on each side.
- Ipsilateral: Structures on the same side.
- Contralateral: Structures on opposite sides.

Region and Quadrant Organization

Regions of the Abdominal Area:
- Epigastric, Hypochondriac (left/right), Umbilical, Lumbar (left/right), Hypogastric, Iliac (left/right).
Abdominal Quadrants:
- RUQ (Right Upper Quadrant), RLQ (Right Lower Quadrant), LUQ (Left Upper Quadrant), LLQ (Left Lower Quadrant).

Anatomical Sections

Sagittal Section: Divides body into right and left. Median (midsagittal) divides equally.
Transverse Section: Divides body into superior and inferior.
Frontal Section: Divides body into anterior and posterior.
Cross Section: A vertical cut across the body.

Additional Key Terms

Epidermis: The outer layer of skin.
Peripheral/Superficial: Near the surface.
Deep: More internal structures.
Proximial: Closer to the trunk or point of reference.
Distal: Farther from the trunk or point of reference.

These terms and structures are essential for understanding human anatomy and its organization.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the organization of the human body with these flashcards focusing on Chapter 1. Explore terms such as the axial and appendicular portions, and the cranial cavity to enhance your understanding of human anatomy.