Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the requirement for imaging the distal humerus and proximal forearm during AP projections?
What is the requirement for imaging the distal humerus and proximal forearm during AP projections?
In the Axiolateral Coyle projection for the radial head, what degree should the elbow be flexed?
In the Axiolateral Coyle projection for the radial head, what degree should the elbow be flexed?
Which structure is specifically visualized when the elbow is flexed 80 degrees in the Axiolateral Coyle projection?
Which structure is specifically visualized when the elbow is flexed 80 degrees in the Axiolateral Coyle projection?
What is a key criterion for a properly executed AP humerus image?
What is a key criterion for a properly executed AP humerus image?
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In the lateral humerus position, how should the arm be positioned if the situation is non-traumatic?
In the lateral humerus position, how should the arm be positioned if the situation is non-traumatic?
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What is the primary focus of osteology?
What is the primary focus of osteology?
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Which body plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts?
Which body plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts?
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In which anatomical term is the body part described as being located toward the back?
In which anatomical term is the body part described as being located toward the back?
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What does the term 'adduct' refer to in body movement?
What does the term 'adduct' refer to in body movement?
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Which projection enters the anterior side of the body and exits from the posterior side?
Which projection enters the anterior side of the body and exits from the posterior side?
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What is the minimum number of projections required for proper joint imaging?
What is the minimum number of projections required for proper joint imaging?
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Which term describes the movement of turning the palm down?
Which term describes the movement of turning the palm down?
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Which anatomical term refers to the distance farthest from the point of attachment?
Which anatomical term refers to the distance farthest from the point of attachment?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of pathology mentioned?
Which of the following is NOT a type of pathology mentioned?
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What is the largest carpal bone?
What is the largest carpal bone?
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In an AP projection of the thumb, which position must the nail side be in?
In an AP projection of the thumb, which position must the nail side be in?
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Which projection is known as the 'ball-catcher's position'?
Which projection is known as the 'ball-catcher's position'?
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What projection is used to visualize a foreign body in the hand?
What projection is used to visualize a foreign body in the hand?
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For a proper PA projection of the hand, where should the central ray (CR) be directed?
For a proper PA projection of the hand, where should the central ray (CR) be directed?
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What is the primary purpose of using low kVp in imaging small body parts?
What is the primary purpose of using low kVp in imaging small body parts?
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How many phalanges are found in one hand?
How many phalanges are found in one hand?
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What is the correct direction to rotate the 2nd digit for oblique projection?
What is the correct direction to rotate the 2nd digit for oblique projection?
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What adjustment is needed for a patient with a fiberglass cast?
What adjustment is needed for a patient with a fiberglass cast?
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Which position requires the hand to be supinated and extended?
Which position requires the hand to be supinated and extended?
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In the lateral projection of the forearm, what degree should the elbow be flexed?
In the lateral projection of the forearm, what degree should the elbow be flexed?
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What should be included in the light field for an AP Forearm?
What should be included in the light field for an AP Forearm?
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What is the purpose of placing markers consistently during chest examinations?
What is the purpose of placing markers consistently during chest examinations?
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What angle is recommended for the CR when using the Stecher Method?
What angle is recommended for the CR when using the Stecher Method?
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Which structure is NOT part of the respiratory system?
Which structure is NOT part of the respiratory system?
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What projection shows the pisiform free of superimposition?
What projection shows the pisiform free of superimposition?
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What is a characteristic of a Smith fracture?
What is a characteristic of a Smith fracture?
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Which statement correctly describes the position of the diaphragm during expiration?
Which statement correctly describes the position of the diaphragm during expiration?
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How should the patient be positioned for an oblique elbow projection?
How should the patient be positioned for an oblique elbow projection?
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Which of the following correctly explains the purpose of the AP Lordotic projection?
Which of the following correctly explains the purpose of the AP Lordotic projection?
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What is the typical kVp setting used in chest examinations according to the provided guidelines?
What is the typical kVp setting used in chest examinations according to the provided guidelines?
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What is the required CR position for the PA wrist?
What is the required CR position for the PA wrist?
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When performing the lateral wrist projection, what is a key requirement?
When performing the lateral wrist projection, what is a key requirement?
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Which landmark is used to identify the location of the iliac crest?
Which landmark is used to identify the location of the iliac crest?
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During an AP oblique elbow projection, what structure should be in profile?
During an AP oblique elbow projection, what structure should be in profile?
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During a chest exam, which of the following ensures that there is no rotation of the patient?
During a chest exam, which of the following ensures that there is no rotation of the patient?
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What is the role of the epiglottis within the respiratory system?
What is the role of the epiglottis within the respiratory system?
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What type of fracture is most commonly associated with punching an object with a closed fist?
What type of fracture is most commonly associated with punching an object with a closed fist?
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What is the appropriate method to position the CR for a lateral elbow projection?
What is the appropriate method to position the CR for a lateral elbow projection?
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In the abdominal cavity, which organ is located in the right upper quadrant (RUQ)?
In the abdominal cavity, which organ is located in the right upper quadrant (RUQ)?
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What distinguishes the right bronchi from the left bronchi?
What distinguishes the right bronchi from the left bronchi?
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What is the preferred projection for visualizing a clavicle to reduce OID?
What is the preferred projection for visualizing a clavicle to reduce OID?
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In a transthoracic lateral projection, the central ray (CR) should be directed to which anatomical location?
In a transthoracic lateral projection, the central ray (CR) should be directed to which anatomical location?
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What arm position is recommended for obtaining a lateral view of the scapula?
What arm position is recommended for obtaining a lateral view of the scapula?
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What anatomical structure is visible in profile when the humeral condyles are perpendicular to the image receptor during shoulder imaging?
What anatomical structure is visible in profile when the humeral condyles are perpendicular to the image receptor during shoulder imaging?
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What technique is used in imaging to blur out rib detail when capturing a scapula?
What technique is used in imaging to blur out rib detail when capturing a scapula?
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When positioning for an AC joint examination, why is it necessary to use a 72-inch SID?
When positioning for an AC joint examination, why is it necessary to use a 72-inch SID?
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In a Y-view projection, how must the shoulder be rotated?
In a Y-view projection, how must the shoulder be rotated?
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Which position provides the best visibility of an entire scapula and ensures the lateral border is free from ribs?
Which position provides the best visibility of an entire scapula and ensures the lateral border is free from ribs?
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What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint classified as?
What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint classified as?
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For the AP external rotation position of the shoulder, the epicondyles must be positioned how in relation to the image receptor?
For the AP external rotation position of the shoulder, the epicondyles must be positioned how in relation to the image receptor?
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What is indicated by humeral head and glenoid cavity being superimposed in a Y-view?
What is indicated by humeral head and glenoid cavity being superimposed in a Y-view?
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What is necessary to achieve optimal imaging of an acromioclavicular joint in a non-trauma setting?
What is necessary to achieve optimal imaging of an acromioclavicular joint in a non-trauma setting?
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What is the purpose of having the affected shoulder closer to the IR in the Grashey method?
What is the purpose of having the affected shoulder closer to the IR in the Grashey method?
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What condition may be indicated if the acromion is projected laterally and is free of superimposition during imaging?
What condition may be indicated if the acromion is projected laterally and is free of superimposition during imaging?
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Study Notes
Anatomy and Physiology
- Anatomy is the science of the structure of the body
- Physiology is the study of the function of body organs
- Osteology is the study of bones
Osteology
- The human body has 206 bones
- Bones are categorized into axial and appendicular skeletons
- Axial supports and protects the head and trunk (skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum)
- Appendicular provides movement (limbs, shoulder and pelvic girdles)
- Bones have various functions, including support, protection, and movement
- Bones have specific features that are classified into different types
Body Planes
- Sagittal: divides the body into left and right halves
- Coronal: divides the body into front and back halves
- Horizontal (transverse): divides the body into top and bottom halves
- Oblique: an angle between planes
Anatomic Relationship
- Anterior (ventral): front of the body
- Posterior (dorsal): back of the body
- Cephalad: toward the head
- Caudal: away from the head
- Superior: above, or higher
- Inferior: below, or lower
- Medial: towards middle of body
- Lateral: outside
- Proximal: closer to the point of attachment or origin
- Distal: farthest from the point of attachment or origin
- Superficial: closer to the surface
- Deep: further from the surface
Body Movement
- Movements include abduction (away from the body), adduction (towards the body), extension, flexion, eversion, inversion, pronation, supination, rotation, circumduction, dorsiflexion, and plantar flexion.
Imaging and Positioning
- Radiographic projections include Anterior-Posterior, Posterior-Anterior, Lateral, Oblique, and Axial.
- Imaging positions are defined by the path of the central ray (CR) in relation to the body's anatomical position.
- Markers are used to aid in identifying body parts on radiographic images.
- Body regions require specific imaging criteria to accurately show the region of interest.
Respiratory System Anatomy
- Airway structure extends from the nose through the lungs.
- The Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, and Lungs are parts of the respiratory system.
Abdominal Cavity and Organs
- The abdominal cavity houses many vital organs, including the liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, intestines, stomach, small, and large intestine
- The abdominal cavity is separated by membranes (peritoneal).
Skeletal Divisions
- The axial skeleton forms the central axis of the body and includes the skull, vertebral column, and ribs.
- The appendicular skeleton includes the limbs, shoulder girdle, and pelvic girdle.
Hand and Wrist Anatomy
- The hand and wrist have many bones; phalanges (fingers), metacarpals (palm), and carpals (wrist).
- The hand and wrist have various joints, categorized as synovial, diarthrotic and hinge.
Elbow Anatomy
- The elbow consists of the humerus, radius, and ulna.
- The elbow joint has different bony processes.
- Anatomical structures need clear imaging.
Special Imaging Considerations
- Pathology-related imaging needs to meet criteria.
- Special projections are employed for specific conditions like fractures or dislocations.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the human body with this quiz focused on anatomy and physiology. Topics include bone structure, body planes, and anatomical relationships. Ideal for students studying these important biological sciences.
