Anatomy and Physiology Quiz

The jelly-like substance that makes up cells.

Small structures within a cell that perform specific functions. Think of them as tiny organs within a cell.

The process of cell reproduction where a cell divides into two identical copies. It's like a cell making a clone of itself.

The control center of a cell, containing DNA. It's like the cell's 'brain' holding instructions.

The fluid inside the nucleus of a cell. It's where DNA lives and instructions are stored.

The process by which cells obtain nourishment and energy for their activities.

The protective covering of the body, such as skin, mucous membranes, and glands.

The tissue that transmits messages to and from the brain, controlling and coordinating body functions.

Tissue that supports, protects, and binds other tissues together.

A group of similar cells performing a specific function.

A group of organs that work together to perform a specific function for the benefit of the entire body.

The skin and its related structures, like hair, nails, and glands.

The framework of the body made up of bones.

The system responsible for transporting blood throughout the body.

The system responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients.

The bone that forms the forehead.

The bones that form the sides and top of the cranium.

The bones that form the sides of the head in the ear region.

The bones that form the upper jaw.

The largest and strongest bone of the face.

The muscles that shape the front and inner side of the upper arm, lift the forearm, and bend the elbow.

The muscles that rotate the hand outward and lift the palm upward.

The muscles that straighten the wrist, hand, and fingers.

The muscles located at the base of each finger, separating the fingers.

The part of the nervous system that controls consciousness and mental activity.

The origin is the fixed attachment point of a muscle, usually to a bone. The insertion is the movable attachment point, also usually to a bone. The belly is the central, fleshy part of the muscle that contracts.

The orbicularis oculi muscle is responsible for closing the eyelids. It surrounds the eye socket and contracts to squeeze the eyelids together.

The masseter muscle is one of the primary muscles involved in chewing. It's located on the side of the jaw and contracts to elevate the lower jaw.

The sternocleidomastoid muscle is a long, strap-like muscle that extends from the ear to the collarbone. It rotates the head from side to side and up and down.

The deltoid muscle is a large, triangular muscle that covers the shoulder joint. It lifts and rotates the arm outward.

The study of the structure of the human body.

The study of the structure and composition of tissue.

The study of the functions and activities performed by the body structures.

The body system that controls muscle movements, including facial expressions.

The body system responsible for transporting blood throughout the body.

The study of the structure, function, and diseases of the nervous system.

The part of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord, responsible for coordinating and controlling body functions.

The part of the nervous system that connects the CNS to the rest of the body, carrying messages back and forth.

The part of the nervous system that controls involuntary functions like heart rate, breathing, and digestion.

The specialized endings of sensory nerves that detect stimuli like touch, temperature, or light.

Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting signals to and from the brain, particularly for sensory and motor functions related to the head and neck. The fifth cranial nerve (trigeminal) controls facial sensations and chewing muscles. The seventh cranial nerve (facial) controls facial expressions and taste. The eleventh cranial nerve (accessory) controls neck and shoulder movements.

The systemic circulation involves the movement of oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to all parts of the body, delivering nutrients and oxygen, and then returning deoxygenated blood back to the heart. It's like a highway system for blood.

The lymphatic system plays a vital role in the immune system by filtering waste, maintaining fluid balance, and transporting white blood cells to fight off infections. It helps defend your body against disease.

The pituitary gland is known as the 'master gland' because it controls and regulates the activity of many other endocrine glands, which secrete hormones that influence various bodily functions. It's the boss of the hormone system.

The pancreas, in addition to its role in digestion, produces vital hormones like insulin and glucagon, which regulate blood sugar levels. It's a critical player in keeping your blood sugar in check.

Groups of organs that work together for a common purpose, benefiting the entire body.

The skin and its attached structures, like hair, nails, and glands.

It controls the blood supply and transports it throughout the body.

The stomach and intestines, responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients.

The framework of the body, made up of bones.