Anatomy and Physiology Overview

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Questions and Answers

What does physiology primarily investigate?

  • The processes and functions of living things (correct)
  • The chemical composition of body fluids
  • The structure of different organs
  • The spatial arrangement of muscles

Which system in the body maintains a relatively constant internal environment?

  • Endocrine system
  • Homeostatic system (correct)
  • Digestive system
  • Nervous system

What is the primary focus of anatomy?

  • Processes of living things
  • The body's response to stimuli
  • Chemical interactions within cells
  • Structure of the body (correct)

When a physiological variable deviates from its normal range and triggers a counter response, what is this process called?

<p>Feedback regulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes a response that increases the change in a variable?

<p>Positive feedback (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes an effector in the feedback system?

<p>The component that produces a response (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which region of the body would you find the liver?

<p>Right upper quadrant (RUQ) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following anatomy terms describes a position that is closer to the midline of the body?

<p>Medial (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Anatomy and Physiology

  • Anatomy focuses on the structure of the body, while physiology examines the functions and processes of living organisms.

Homeostasis

  • Homeostasis is the maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment within the body.
  • It regulates most systems to counteract changes in variables and return to a set point.
  • The feedback mechanism can either mitigate changes (negative feedback) or amplify them (positive feedback).

Body Temperature Regulation

  • A high temperature triggers sweating, while low temperatures can lead to hypothermia.
  • Body temperature regulation is vital to prevent hyperthermia and maintain optimal function.

Anatomical Position

  • The anatomical position is characterized by the body standing erect, facing forward, with feet together and palms facing forward.

Anatomical Terminology

  • Sagittal Plane: Divides the body into left and right parts.
  • Frontal Plane: Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections.
  • Transverse Plane: Divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts.

Body Regions and Organs

  • Liver: Located in the Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ).
  • Spleen: Found in the Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ).
  • Urinary Bladder: Positioned in the Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ) and Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ).
  • Stomach: Located in the Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ).
  • Small Intestine: Primarily found in the LLQ.
  • Ovaries: Present in both RLQ and LLQ.
  • Large Intestine: Distributed throughout.
  • Gallbladder: Located in the RUQ.
  • Appendix: Located in the RLQ.

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