Questions and Answers
What is the main function of synovial fluid in a synovial joint?
Lubricates articular cartilage on articulating surfaces, nourishes the chondrocytes of articular cartilage, acts as a shock absorber
Describe the structure of the articular capsule in a synovial joint.
Double-layered capsule - outer fibrous layer formed from dense connective tissue, inner synovial membrane composed of areolar connective tissue
What is the functional category of symphysis joints?
Amphiarthrosis
What is the composition of synchondroses and where are they located in the body?
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Study Notes
Symphyses
- Pads of fibrocartilage between articulating bones
- Resist compression and act as shock absorbers
- Allow slight mobility (amphiarthroses)
Synovial Joints
- Bones separated by a joint cavity
- Include most joints in the body
- Diarthroses (freely mobile)
- Features: articular capsule and joint cavity, synovial fluid, articular cartilage, ligaments, nerves, and blood vessels
Syndesmoses
- Bound by interosseous membrane, broad ligamentous sheet
- Found between radius and ulna and between tibia and fibula
- Function as amphiarthroses
- Provide pivot for two long bones
Cartilaginous Joints
- Properties: either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage between bones
- Lack a joint cavity
- Immobile or slightly mobile
- Examples: synchondroses or symphyses
Synchondroses
- Bones joined by hyaline cartilage
- Not part of cartilaginous joint
- Immobile (synarthroses)
Review Questions
- What is the composition of a synchondrosis, and where is it located in the body?
- Into what functional category is a symphysis placed? Why is it in this category?
- Where are gomphoses located, and what type of movement do they allow?
- What is the composition of a suture, and where in the body is it found?
- What type of movement is allowed at a syndesmosis?
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