Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 1

Study Notes

Anatomy is a scientific discipline investigating the body's structures, including the shape and size of bones.
Developmental Anatomy focuses on structural changes from conception to adulthood, encompassing various stages of growth.
Embryology studies changes occurring from conception to the end of eight weeks of development.
Cytology examines structural features of cells.
Histology studies tissues, which consist of cells and their surrounding materials.
Gross Anatomy analyzes structures visible without a microscope, approached either systemically or regionally.
Regional Anatomy investigates specific areas of the body, while Systemic Anatomy studies different organ systems.
Surface Anatomy involves visualizing deeper body structures through external examination.
Anatomical Anomalies refer to physical characteristics that deviate from normal patterns.

Physiology is the science of normal functions of living systems, focusing on understanding and predicting body responses to stimuli.
It examines how the body maintains internal conditions within narrow ranges despite changing external environments.
Physiological studies often target systems rather than specific regions, recognizing that many functions span multiple areas.
Cell Physiology studies processes within individual cells.
Systemic Physiology investigates the functions of entire organ systems.
Neurophysiology specifically focuses on the nervous system's functions.
Cardiovascular Physiology pertains to the heart and blood vessels and their functions.

Studies of the human body must integrate both anatomy and physiology, as structures and functions are closely interwoven and affect one another.

Anatomy is a scientific discipline investigating the body's structures, including the shape and size of bones.
Developmental Anatomy focuses on structural changes from conception to adulthood, encompassing various stages of growth.
Embryology studies changes occurring from conception to the end of eight weeks of development.
Cytology examines structural features of cells.
Histology studies tissues, which consist of cells and their surrounding materials.
Gross Anatomy analyzes structures visible without a microscope, approached either systemically or regionally.
Regional Anatomy investigates specific areas of the body, while Systemic Anatomy studies different organ systems.
Surface Anatomy involves visualizing deeper body structures through external examination.
Anatomical Anomalies refer to physical characteristics that deviate from normal patterns.

Physiology is the science of normal functions of living systems, focusing on understanding and predicting body responses to stimuli.
It examines how the body maintains internal conditions within narrow ranges despite changing external environments.
Physiological studies often target systems rather than specific regions, recognizing that many functions span multiple areas.
Cell Physiology studies processes within individual cells.
Systemic Physiology investigates the functions of entire organ systems.
Neurophysiology specifically focuses on the nervous system's functions.
Cardiovascular Physiology pertains to the heart and blood vessels and their functions.